Ebook: Ecological Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical Weapons

1 2 Prof. Dr. Vladimir Mikhailovitsh Kolodkin , Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Ruck 1 Institute of Natural and Technogenic Disasters, Udmurt State University, Izhevsk (Russia), 2 Institute of Ecology and Environmental Chemistry, University Lüneburg (Germany) During the Cold War a whole arsenal of deadly chemical weapons was allowed to build up on both sides of the ideological divide. Happily, today the problems are reversed. Expertise is now required in the field of safe and environment-friendly disposal of chemical weapons and cleaning up of contaminated sites all around the world, but not least in the ex-Soviet-led countries. The participants and speakers to the NATO-Russia advanced research workshop on the “Ecological Risks Associated with the Destruction of nd th Chemical Weapons”, hosted by the University of Lüneburg on 22 - 26 October, 2003, therefore, came from many different parts of the world. Of the eight countries represented at the workshop, two were ex-Eastern- Block, and six were Western countries. Yet the West was by no means overrepresented. On the contrary, the Russian expert-speaker contingent, with 33 participants, did justice to the size of their country – and to their chemical-weapons problem – and provided the majority of active participants. In all, there were 57 participants, of which 11 dispatched from the TACIS project “The development of the chemical weapons” facility at the detached plant No 4 of OAO Khimprom, Novocheboksarsk.

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The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and their Destruction provides for the elimination of chemical weapons arsenals amassed during the Cold War. The easier-said-than-done task of removing these deadly weapons, however, poses huge environmental problems. This book is the compendium of the workshop on the "Ecological Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical Weapons", hosted by the University of L?neburg in October 2003, which brought the former enemies NATO and Russia together to discuss, reflect on, and exchange their experiences in the laudable mission of environmentally friendly disposal of chemical weapons.

This four-day workshop received contributions from 57 experts from North America, Russia, and European countries. Most of them are recognized authorities in the field of chemical weapons disposal as well as in related fields.

The speeches by those who share the burden of this terrible undertaking concentrated on cleaning up contaminated sites, the ethics, political and international law aspects of the destruction of chemical weapons, and on issues related to human health, pathogenesis, toxicity, and exposure to the polluted environment. Contributions were also made on lewisite detection, risk prevention, insurance, safety, monitoring of old chemical weapons destruction as well as public awareness for this problem.

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The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and their Destruction provides for the elimination of chemical weapons arsenals amassed during the Cold War. The easier-said-than-done task of removing these deadly weapons, however, poses huge environmental problems. This book is the compendium of the workshop on the "Ecological Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical Weapons", hosted by the University of L?neburg in October 2003, which brought the former enemies NATO and Russia together to discuss, reflect on, and exchange their experiences in the laudable mission of environmentally friendly disposal of chemical weapons.

This four-day workshop received contributions from 57 experts from North America, Russia, and European countries. Most of them are recognized authorities in the field of chemical weapons disposal as well as in related fields.

The speeches by those who share the burden of this terrible undertaking concentrated on cleaning up contaminated sites, the ethics, political and international law aspects of the destruction of chemical weapons, and on issues related to human health, pathogenesis, toxicity, and exposure to the polluted environment. Contributions were also made on lewisite detection, risk prevention, insurance, safety, monitoring of old chemical weapons destruction as well as public awareness for this problem.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-4
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Chemical Weapons Convention after the First Review Conference....Pages 7-14
Implementation of Russia’s Obligation to Destroy chemical Weapons in the Udmurt Republic....Pages 15-23
The CWC after the Review Conference....Pages 25-38
Front Matter....Pages 39-39
Evaluation of State of Environment and Monitoring of Hazardous Facilities....Pages 41-44
Prediction of Quantitative Assessments of Effects on Nature from Potential Accidents at Chemical Warfare Agent Facilities....Pages 45-55
Ecological Risks of Toxic Substances Combustion....Pages 57-63
Risk Assessment of Chemical Weapons Influence on Ecosystems as the Whole....Pages 65-74
Health and Environmental Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical Weapons....Pages 75-83
Ecological Risks Analysis for the Chemical Weapons Destruction Facility....Pages 85-89
An Approach to Assessment of Chemical Risk on the Basis of Generation of Time Series....Pages 91-98
The Complex Approach in Appraisal of the Conditions of Natural Ecosystems in the «Valley» Zone Used for the Storage of Chemical Weapons (Pochep, Bryansk Region)....Pages 99-105
Analysis of Ecological Risks within an Environmental Monitoring System....Pages 107-110
Dechlorination of Recalcitrant Polychlorinated Contaminants Using Ball Milling....Pages 111-127
Ecological Risk Assessment for Ascontaining Chemical Warfare Agents — Status and Perspectives....Pages 129-133
Front Matter....Pages 135-135
Personal Monitoring of Old Chemical Weapons’ Dismantling Operations at Poelkapelle (Belgium)....Pages 137-152
Radio-Ecological Monitoring of the Environment....Pages 153-156
Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Monitoring the Destruction of Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 157-166
Identification of Chemical Neutralization of Products of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 167-172
Environmental and Health Monitoring in Relation to the Demolition of the Former CWPF at JSC Khimprom, Novocheboksarsk, Russia....Pages 173-197
Vapor Validation of Monitoring Systems for Detection of Trace Levels of Chemical Warfare Agents in Air....Pages 199-203
Front Matter....Pages 135-135
Tacis Project “The Development of an Environmental and Health Monitoring System Related to the Demilitarization of the Chemical Weapons Facility at the Detached Plant Nr. 4 of OAO Khimprom, Novocheboksarsk” and Possible Implications for Future Russian Demilitarization Activities at CWPFS....Pages 205-210
Toxicological and Public Health Aspects of Two-Stage Technology of Chemical Warfare Agents Destruction in Russia....Pages 211-215
Chemical and Biological-Ecological Aspects of Risk Assessment for Lewisite Destruction....Pages 217-221
Risk Mapping and Risk Assessment for Suspected Chemical Weapons Burial Sites on the Former Military Training Area D?beritzer Heide (Germany)....Pages 223-229
About Evaluation Practice of Emergency Environmental Risks of Chemically Dangerous Facilities....Pages 231-240
Risk Assessment and Safety Management at Chemical Facilities with the Use of New Information Technologies....Pages 241-246
On the Analysis of Environmental Risks Associated with the Possible Leakage of Chemical Warfare Agents During Transportation and Disposal of Munitions....Pages 247-252
Ecological Risks and Ecological Insurance in Russia (in Connection with the Problem of Chemical Weapons Destruction)....Pages 253-260
Insurance of Risk of Environmental Contamination During Destruction of Chemical Weapons....Pages 261-266
Front Matter....Pages 267-267
About Some Risk Assessment Problems Associated with Hazardous Facilities Exploitation....Pages 269-278
Revised Airborne Exposure Limits for Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 279-287
Analysis of Technologies for Lewisite Destruction....Pages 289-296
New Understanding on Pathogenesis of Delayed Effects of Rvx Low-Dose Chronic Exposure....Pages 297-303
Health State and Hormone Status Among Residents of Kizner Respectively Working and Not-working at Arsenal of Chemical Weapons....Pages 305-306
Evaluation of Embryotoxic and Teratogenic Effects of Final Products of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA) Destruction....Pages 307-314
Health and Environmental Monitoring at the Area of Protective Measures in the Vicinity of Locating Chemical Weapons Storage and Destruction Facilities....Pages 315-319
The Use of Pupillometry for Evaluating the Functional State of Persons Who Worked with Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 321-327
Front Matter....Pages 329-329
Participation of the Public in Licensing Procedures for and During Operation of Hazardous Facilities....Pages 331-338

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The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and their Destruction provides for the elimination of chemical weapons arsenals amassed during the Cold War. The easier-said-than-done task of removing these deadly weapons, however, poses huge environmental problems. This book is the compendium of the workshop on the "Ecological Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical Weapons", hosted by the University of L?neburg in October 2003, which brought the former enemies NATO and Russia together to discuss, reflect on, and exchange their experiences in the laudable mission of environmentally friendly disposal of chemical weapons.

This four-day workshop received contributions from 57 experts from North America, Russia, and European countries. Most of them are recognized authorities in the field of chemical weapons disposal as well as in related fields.

The speeches by those who share the burden of this terrible undertaking concentrated on cleaning up contaminated sites, the ethics, political and international law aspects of the destruction of chemical weapons, and on issues related to human health, pathogenesis, toxicity, and exposure to the polluted environment. Contributions were also made on lewisite detection, risk prevention, insurance, safety, monitoring of old chemical weapons destruction as well as public awareness for this problem.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-4
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Chemical Weapons Convention after the First Review Conference....Pages 7-14
Implementation of Russia’s Obligation to Destroy chemical Weapons in the Udmurt Republic....Pages 15-23
The CWC after the Review Conference....Pages 25-38
Front Matter....Pages 39-39
Evaluation of State of Environment and Monitoring of Hazardous Facilities....Pages 41-44
Prediction of Quantitative Assessments of Effects on Nature from Potential Accidents at Chemical Warfare Agent Facilities....Pages 45-55
Ecological Risks of Toxic Substances Combustion....Pages 57-63
Risk Assessment of Chemical Weapons Influence on Ecosystems as the Whole....Pages 65-74
Health and Environmental Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical Weapons....Pages 75-83
Ecological Risks Analysis for the Chemical Weapons Destruction Facility....Pages 85-89
An Approach to Assessment of Chemical Risk on the Basis of Generation of Time Series....Pages 91-98
The Complex Approach in Appraisal of the Conditions of Natural Ecosystems in the «Valley» Zone Used for the Storage of Chemical Weapons (Pochep, Bryansk Region)....Pages 99-105
Analysis of Ecological Risks within an Environmental Monitoring System....Pages 107-110
Dechlorination of Recalcitrant Polychlorinated Contaminants Using Ball Milling....Pages 111-127
Ecological Risk Assessment for Ascontaining Chemical Warfare Agents — Status and Perspectives....Pages 129-133
Front Matter....Pages 135-135
Personal Monitoring of Old Chemical Weapons’ Dismantling Operations at Poelkapelle (Belgium)....Pages 137-152
Radio-Ecological Monitoring of the Environment....Pages 153-156
Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Monitoring the Destruction of Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 157-166
Identification of Chemical Neutralization of Products of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 167-172
Environmental and Health Monitoring in Relation to the Demolition of the Former CWPF at JSC Khimprom, Novocheboksarsk, Russia....Pages 173-197
Vapor Validation of Monitoring Systems for Detection of Trace Levels of Chemical Warfare Agents in Air....Pages 199-203
Front Matter....Pages 135-135
Tacis Project “The Development of an Environmental and Health Monitoring System Related to the Demilitarization of the Chemical Weapons Facility at the Detached Plant Nr. 4 of OAO Khimprom, Novocheboksarsk” and Possible Implications for Future Russian Demilitarization Activities at CWPFS....Pages 205-210
Toxicological and Public Health Aspects of Two-Stage Technology of Chemical Warfare Agents Destruction in Russia....Pages 211-215
Chemical and Biological-Ecological Aspects of Risk Assessment for Lewisite Destruction....Pages 217-221
Risk Mapping and Risk Assessment for Suspected Chemical Weapons Burial Sites on the Former Military Training Area D?beritzer Heide (Germany)....Pages 223-229
About Evaluation Practice of Emergency Environmental Risks of Chemically Dangerous Facilities....Pages 231-240
Risk Assessment and Safety Management at Chemical Facilities with the Use of New Information Technologies....Pages 241-246
On the Analysis of Environmental Risks Associated with the Possible Leakage of Chemical Warfare Agents During Transportation and Disposal of Munitions....Pages 247-252
Ecological Risks and Ecological Insurance in Russia (in Connection with the Problem of Chemical Weapons Destruction)....Pages 253-260
Insurance of Risk of Environmental Contamination During Destruction of Chemical Weapons....Pages 261-266
Front Matter....Pages 267-267
About Some Risk Assessment Problems Associated with Hazardous Facilities Exploitation....Pages 269-278
Revised Airborne Exposure Limits for Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 279-287
Analysis of Technologies for Lewisite Destruction....Pages 289-296
New Understanding on Pathogenesis of Delayed Effects of Rvx Low-Dose Chronic Exposure....Pages 297-303
Health State and Hormone Status Among Residents of Kizner Respectively Working and Not-working at Arsenal of Chemical Weapons....Pages 305-306
Evaluation of Embryotoxic and Teratogenic Effects of Final Products of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA) Destruction....Pages 307-314
Health and Environmental Monitoring at the Area of Protective Measures in the Vicinity of Locating Chemical Weapons Storage and Destruction Facilities....Pages 315-319
The Use of Pupillometry for Evaluating the Functional State of Persons Who Worked with Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents....Pages 321-327
Front Matter....Pages 329-329
Participation of the Public in Licensing Procedures for and During Operation of Hazardous Facilities....Pages 331-338
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