Ebook: Power Aware Computing

With the advent of portable and autonomous computing systems, power con­ sumption has emerged as a focal point in many research projects, commercial systems and DoD platforms. One current research initiative, which drew much attention to this area, is the Power Aware Computing and Communications (PAC/C) program sponsored by DARPA. Many of the chapters in this book include results from work that have been supported by the PACIC program. The performance of computer systems has been tremendously improving while the size and weight of such systems has been constantly shrinking. The capacities of batteries relative to their sizes and weights has been also improv­ ing but at a rate which is much slower than the rate of improvement in computer performance and the rate of shrinking in computer sizes. The relation between the power consumption of a computer system and it performance and size is a complex one which is very much dependent on the specific system and the technology used to build that system. We do not need a complex argument, however, to be convinced that energy and power, which is the rate of energy consumption, are becoming critical components in computer systems in gen­ eral, and portable and autonomous systems, in particular. Most of the early research on power consumption in computer systems ad­ dressed the issue of minimizing power in a given platform, which usually translates into minimizing energy consumption, and thus, longer battery life.

---

With the advent of portable and small-sized computing systems, and with the new trends towards embedded and systems-on-a-chip computing, power management has emerged as a focal point in many research projects and commercial systems. In these systems, better management of power translates into longer battery life or into smaller batteries, which in turns implies smaller and lighter devices. Power management is also crucial in autonomous systems such as satellites and unmanned vehicles and planes. In such systems, better power management translates to longer missions or to smaller and lighter power generation systems, which makes room for other instrumentations to be added to the system.

This book covers a wide spectrum of power optimization and management techniques that spreads from circuit level optimization to application level power management. The spectrum includes power optimization and management at the microarchitecture level, the compiler level and the operating system level. The book also describes a number of methods for modeling and measuring power consumption in computer systems and for evaluating the effectiveness of power management techniques.

---

With the advent of portable and small-sized computing systems, and with the new trends towards embedded and systems-on-a-chip computing, power management has emerged as a focal point in many research projects and commercial systems. In these systems, better management of power translates into longer battery life or into smaller batteries, which in turns implies smaller and lighter devices. Power management is also crucial in autonomous systems such as satellites and unmanned vehicles and planes. In such systems, better power management translates to longer missions or to smaller and lighter power generation systems, which makes room for other instrumentations to be added to the system.

This book covers a wide spectrum of power optimization and management techniques that spreads from circuit level optimization to application level power management. The spectrum includes power optimization and management at the microarchitecture level, the compiler level and the operating system level. The book also describes a number of methods for modeling and measuring power consumption in computer systems and for evaluating the effectiveness of power management techniques.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xxiv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Comparative Analysis of Flip-Flops and Application of Data-Gating in Dynamic Flip-Flops for High Speed, Low Active and Low Leakage Power Dissipation....Pages 3-17
Low Power Sandwich/Spin Tunneling Memory Device....Pages 19-32
Front Matter....Pages 33-33
Power-Efficient Issue Queue Design....Pages 35-58
Micro-Architecture Design and Control Speculation for Energy Reduction....Pages 59-78
Energy-Exposed Instruction Sets....Pages 79-98
Front Matter....Pages 99-99
Dynamic Management of Power Consumption....Pages 101-125
Power Management Points in Power-Aware Real-Time Systems....Pages 127-152
A Power-Aware API for Embedded and Portable Systems....Pages 153-166
Front Matter....Pages 167-167
PACT HDL: A Compiler Targeting Asics and Fpgas with Power and Performance Optimizations....Pages 169-190
Compiler Optimizations for Low Power Systems....Pages 191-210
Power-Performance Trade-Offs in Second Level Memory Used by an ARM-Like RISC Architecture....Pages 211-224
Front Matter....Pages 225-225
Application-Level Power Awareness....Pages 227-242
A Power-Aware, Satellite-Based Parallel Signal Processing Scheme....Pages 243-259
The Case for Power Management in Web Servers....Pages 261-289
Front Matter....Pages 291-291
Et2: A Metric for Time and Energy Efficiency of Computation....Pages 293-315
Challenges for Architectural Level Power Modeling....Pages 317-337
Software Energy Profiling....Pages 339-359
Back Matter....Pages 361-376

---

With the advent of portable and small-sized computing systems, and with the new trends towards embedded and systems-on-a-chip computing, power management has emerged as a focal point in many research projects and commercial systems. In these systems, better management of power translates into longer battery life or into smaller batteries, which in turns implies smaller and lighter devices. Power management is also crucial in autonomous systems such as satellites and unmanned vehicles and planes. In such systems, better power management translates to longer missions or to smaller and lighter power generation systems, which makes room for other instrumentations to be added to the system.

This book covers a wide spectrum of power optimization and management techniques that spreads from circuit level optimization to application level power management. The spectrum includes power optimization and management at the microarchitecture level, the compiler level and the operating system level. The book also describes a number of methods for modeling and measuring power consumption in computer systems and for evaluating the effectiveness of power management techniques.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xxiv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Comparative Analysis of Flip-Flops and Application of Data-Gating in Dynamic Flip-Flops for High Speed, Low Active and Low Leakage Power Dissipation....Pages 3-17
Low Power Sandwich/Spin Tunneling Memory Device....Pages 19-32
Front Matter....Pages 33-33
Power-Efficient Issue Queue Design....Pages 35-58
Micro-Architecture Design and Control Speculation for Energy Reduction....Pages 59-78
Energy-Exposed Instruction Sets....Pages 79-98
Front Matter....Pages 99-99
Dynamic Management of Power Consumption....Pages 101-125
Power Management Points in Power-Aware Real-Time Systems....Pages 127-152
A Power-Aware API for Embedded and Portable Systems....Pages 153-166
Front Matter....Pages 167-167
PACT HDL: A Compiler Targeting Asics and Fpgas with Power and Performance Optimizations....Pages 169-190
Compiler Optimizations for Low Power Systems....Pages 191-210
Power-Performance Trade-Offs in Second Level Memory Used by an ARM-Like RISC Architecture....Pages 211-224
Front Matter....Pages 225-225
Application-Level Power Awareness....Pages 227-242
A Power-Aware, Satellite-Based Parallel Signal Processing Scheme....Pages 243-259
The Case for Power Management in Web Servers....Pages 261-289
Front Matter....Pages 291-291
Et2: A Metric for Time and Energy Efficiency of Computation....Pages 293-315
Challenges for Architectural Level Power Modeling....Pages 317-337
Software Energy Profiling....Pages 339-359
Back Matter....Pages 361-376
....