Ebook: Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances and Lighting

Household appliances encompass a large variety of equipment including the cold appliances (refrigerators and freezers), the wet appliances (washing machines, dishwashers and dryers), the space conditioning appliances (heaters, air­ conditioners, heat pumps, fans, boilers), the water heaters, the cooking appliances, a wide array of consumer electronics (such as TVs, VCRs, HiFi systems) and miscellaneous small appliances (such as vacuum cleaners, irons, toasters, hairdryers and power tools). Household appliances save a large amount of domestic labour to perform the household tasks, as well as provide comfort conditions and convenience to the household occupants. The European Community SAVE Programme has promoted the efficient use of energy, in particular in domestic appliances. SAVE has sponsored a variety of studies to characterise the use of the main household appliances and lighting and to identify cost-effective technical options to improve the energy efficiency, as well as to identify the strategies to promote the penetration ofefficient equipment in the market place. National energy agencies, independent experts and appliance manufacturers have participated in the SAVE activities and have done a remarkable job. While the energy efficiency ofthe main household appliances has been improved, at the same time it was possible in most cases to improve the appliance performance, reliability and qualityofservice.

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This book covers the state of the art of energy efficiency in household appliances and lighting which can be used now and in the near future to achieve significant and cost-effective energy savings. Recent developments in advanced appliance and lighting technologies by some of the largest manufacturers are also presented. Although energy-efficient household appliances and lighting technologies can save a huge amount of electricity, they still have not been widely adopted. The barriers which can hinder the adoption of those technologies are presented. Policies and programmes to promote the large-scale penetration of energy-efficient technologies and the market transformation are featured in the book, describing the experiences gained in different parts of the world. This extensive coverage includes contributions from relevant institutions in the European Union, North America, Latin America, Asia, Australia and New Zealand.

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This book covers the state of the art of energy efficiency in household appliances and lighting which can be used now and in the near future to achieve significant and cost-effective energy savings. Recent developments in advanced appliance and lighting technologies by some of the largest manufacturers are also presented. Although energy-efficient household appliances and lighting technologies can save a huge amount of electricity, they still have not been widely adopted. The barriers which can hinder the adoption of those technologies are presented. Policies and programmes to promote the large-scale penetration of energy-efficient technologies and the market transformation are featured in the book, describing the experiences gained in different parts of the world. This extensive coverage includes contributions from relevant institutions in the European Union, North America, Latin America, Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XVI
Opening Speech....Pages 1-6
Speech by the Ministry....Pages 7-8
Energy Efficiency of our Appliances in the Household Industry....Pages 9-16
Domestic Lighting and Energy Efficiency: The Assoluce (the Italian Association of Lighting Manufacturers of Federlengo-Arredo) Position....Pages 17-22
Energy Services in the Domestic Sector as a Result of the Liberalised Market....Pages 23-28
The Way Forward....Pages 29-31
Energy Efficiency Standards in the U.S.....Pages 32-33
High Performance Clothes Washer in-Site Demonstration in a Multi-Housing Multi-User Environment....Pages 34-36
20% Less Energy on Washing Machines: How Were the Savings Achieved?....Pages 37-47
Field Test of Heat-Fed Washing Machines and Laundry Dryers....Pages 48-57
Heat Pump or Gas-Heating: New Approaches to Save Energy for Drying of Laundry....Pages 58-70
New Washing Technologies for the New Millennium....Pages 71-77
How Precise Labelling Can Be Done? Experience with Energy-Label Verification Procedures for Washing Machines....Pages 78-88
Assessment of the Cleaning Efficiency of Domestic Washing Machines with Artificially Soiled Test Cloth....Pages 89-94
Development of a New Energy Efficient Combined Refrigerator/Freezer....Pages 95-105
The Effect of Thermal Aging Polyurethane to Increasing the Energy Consumption of Refrigerator and Freezer....Pages 107-113
Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) Technology: A Viable Route to Improve Energy Efficiency in Domestic Refrigerators and Freezers....Pages 114-121
Technical and Economical Evaluation of Vacuum Insulated Panels for a European Freezer....Pages 122-127
Socio-Technical Networks and the Sad Case of the Condensing Boiler....Pages 128-139
International Heat Pump Status and Policy Review....Pages 141-155
Innovative Heating — Air Conditioning System with Electric Heat Pump in Residential and Services Sectors....Pages 156-167
Operazione “Caldaia Sicura” Maintenance and Inspection Campaign for Heating Systems....Pages 168-176
Design for Energy Efficiency as a Basis for Innovations in Kitchen Appliances....Pages 177-181
Energy Use of Central Heating Pumps, Appliance Efficiency at the Component Level....Pages 182-191
Natural Gas for Domestic Appliances in Austria. Future Perspectives and the Potential of Energy Efficient Technologies....Pages 192-197
Cogeneration for Energy Saving in Household Applications....Pages 198-209
An Efficient Induction Motor Vector Controller for Washing Machine Applications....Pages 210-221
An Improved Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive for Household Refrigerators....Pages 223-234
Voltage Regulator for Single-Phase Asynchronous Motor....Pages 235-246
Energy Use of U.S. Consumer Electronics at the End of the 20th Century....Pages 247-255
An Energy Efficiency Index for TVs....Pages 256-266
Whole-House Measurements of Standby Power Consumption....Pages 267-277
Drivers of Market Transformation in Domestic Lighting....Pages 278-285
Compact Fluorescent Torchieres: A Case Study in Market Transformation....Pages 287-298
The European Design Competition for Dedicated CFL Fixtures: A Successful Example of Market Transformation....Pages 299-309
Know Thy Customers: The Use and Value of Customer Segmentation in Marketing Energy-Efficient Lighting....Pages 310-318
CFL Assembly at some Budgetary Consumers A DSM Action Financed by CONEL/S.C. Electrica S.A....Pages 319-329
Promotion of Consulting Center Establishment for Energy Efficiency Lighting Systems Implementation in Kharkov (Ukraine)....Pages 330-340
Chinese Lighting Energy Consumption and the Potential Impact of the Proposed Ballast Energy Efficiency Standard....Pages 341-342
Energy and Carbon Impact of New U.S. Fluorescent Lamp Ballast Energy Efficiency Standards....Pages 343-354
Application of Uncertainty in Life Cycle Cost Analysis of New U.S. Fluorescent Lamp Ballast Energy Efficiency Standards....Pages 355-366
A General Design for Energy Test Procedures....Pages 367-377
Refrigeration Energy Label Standard Measurements Linked to Energy Consumption in Daily Use....Pages 379-388
Cold Appliance European Ring Test....Pages 389-394
A Generic Approach to the Determination of Refrigerator Energy Efficiency....Pages 395-403
A New Method for Detailed Electric Consumption of Domestic Appliances....Pages 404-417
A Measured Factor-4 House....Pages 419-427
Metering Campaign on All Cooking End-Uses in 100 Households....Pages 428-438
Should Research Money Been Spent for Intrusive or Non-Intrusive End-Use Metering?....Pages 439-449
A Consumer Advice on Energy Efficient Use and Purchase of Household Appliances and Lighting....Pages 450-459
Influencing Consumer Behaviour — Danish Clothes Washing as an Example....Pages 461-467
Room Air Conditioners: Consumer Survey in Italy and Spain....Pages 468-474
Domestic Appliance Salesperson as Consumer’s Information Source....Pages 475-489
Changing the Electricity Customer Mentality, Under Energy Market Liberalisation Circumstances....Pages 490-497
The Second Turn of the Energy Efficiency Spiral....Pages 498-507
Lower Carbon Futures for European Households....Pages 508-517
High Efficiency Household Appliances and Low Income Families in Italy....Pages 518-528
Present Status and Perspective of Energy Efficiency and Conservation Policies in Japan Residential and Commercial Sector....Pages 529-540
Impacts of U.S. Appliance Standards to Date....Pages 541-546
Standards and Labels of Household Appliances as an Opportunity to Reduce CO2 Emissions....Pages 547-559
How Energy Labelling Affected Production Decisions of Appliance Manufacturers in Thailand....Pages 560-569
Evaluating the Impact of Appliance Efficiency Labeling Programs and Standards....Pages 570-580
New for Old: Redesigning the Australian Energy Label....Pages 581-591
Testing of International Appliance Labeling Approaches with U.S. Consumers....Pages 592-602
Labelling Domestic Ovens (Save Study 4.1031/D/97-047)....Pages 603-614
Variability of Consumer Impacts from Energy Efficiency Standards....Pages 615-622
Market Transformation in CEEs: Results from the SACHA Projects....Pages 623-627
Supporting a Network for Energy Efficiency Labels and Standards Programs in Developing Countries....Pages 628-639
The Calculation Method and Potential of Energy Saving in Energy Labeling Program for Indonesia....Pages 640-651
Making it Obvious: Designing Feedback into Energy Consumption....Pages 652-665
Impact on Implementing Demand Side Management in Residential Sector....Pages 666-678
The UK’S Green Electricity Market: Is it Sprouting?....Pages 679-684
Selling a Function Instead of a Product: Renting White Goods Via Functional Service Contracts (FUNSERVE)....Pages 685-696
ENEA Activities on Demand Side Management....Pages 697-708
Europe’s Most Energy Efficient Refrigerator-Freezers — the European Countries Working Together on the Forefront of the Market....Pages 709-723
Domestic Appliances as Virtual Power Stations....Pages 724-734
Transforming Multifamily Properties to Efficient Appliances and Lighting Via Centralized and Negotiated Procurements....Pages 735-743
The Idea Network and Appliance Efficiency....Pages 744-755
Maximising the Improvements, Minimising the Investments. A Case History from a Manufacturer....Pages 756-767
The Danish Electricity Saving Trust: the Campaign in Autumn 1999 — A Review of Experience....Pages 768-778
The Sky is the Limit! Or Why Can More Efficient Appliances Not Decrease the Electricity Consumption of Dutch Households....Pages 779-786
Criteria Definition and Recognition Mechanisms for Accelerated Innovation....Pages 787-795
Major Appliance Energy Efficiency Trends in the European Union....Pages 796-805
Creating a Carbon Market....Pages 806-817
....Pages 818-827