Ebook: Optical Detectors For Astronomy II: State-of-the-Art at the Turn of the Millennium

th The 4 ESO CCO Workshop, Optical Detectors for Astronomy, was held during September 13-16, 1999 at its usual location, the headquarters of the European Southern Observatory in Garching, Germany. We prefer to remember this workshop as a "meeting of friends", who came to Garching to visit ESO and to present their work, rather than a formal meeting. Based on our experience with the 1996 ESO CCO workshop, we deliberately put emphasis on creating an environment that encouraged the participants to stay together and informally exchange ideas. These informal events began with a tour of the BWM auto factory and continued with a reception at "SchloB Beletic", the conference dinner at a real SchloB of the Bavarian International School (where the participants enjoyed basket, baseball, table soccer, rock climbing and eventually dancing) and concluded with a tour of the Paulaner Brewery and dinner at the Seehaus in the Englisher Garten. The lunch "Biergarten", adjacent to the poster session area, was a daily meeting point. The result was a good mixture of excellent presentations and posters, collected in these Proceedings, and many occasions for people to get in touch and to have fun together, as witnessed by the selection of workshop pictures that we randomly placed between papers. This book contains a special contribution.

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This book is the proceedings of a workshop held at the European Southern Observatory in September 1999, the 4th workshop of a series, which concentrates on optical detectors for astronomy.
Representatives from every leading manufacturer and all major astronomical observatories came together to present their work on Charged Coupled Devices (CCDs). The papers presented in these proceedings are concerned with the development, manufacture, testing, implementation, new techniques and applications of CCDs. Many discuss the electronics that are used to operate these detectors.
Astronomical observatories are the most ambitious and aggressive users of optical detectors, more so than any other scientific discipline. Since the quantum efficiency and noise of a detector have a direct effect on the quality of science, the makers of astronomical CCD systems continually `push the envelope' of optical detection technology. The papers contained in these proceedings provide the reader with the state of the art in CCD technology and contain information on research and development efforts, for ground-based and space-based applications, that will continue for several years.

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This book is the proceedings of a workshop held at the European Southern Observatory in September 1999, the 4th workshop of a series, which concentrates on optical detectors for astronomy.
Representatives from every leading manufacturer and all major astronomical observatories came together to present their work on Charged Coupled Devices (CCDs). The papers presented in these proceedings are concerned with the development, manufacture, testing, implementation, new techniques and applications of CCDs. Many discuss the electronics that are used to operate these detectors.
Astronomical observatories are the most ambitious and aggressive users of optical detectors, more so than any other scientific discipline. Since the quantum efficiency and noise of a detector have a direct effect on the quality of science, the makers of astronomical CCD systems continually `push the envelope' of optical detection technology. The papers contained in these proceedings provide the reader with the state of the art in CCD technology and contain information on research and development efforts, for ground-based and space-based applications, that will continue for several years.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xxiv
The Invention and Early History of the CCD....Pages 1-4
Hail to the Victors (CCDs): The history of optical detectors in astronomy from the 1960’s to the present.....Pages 5-10
Front Matter....Pages 11-11
Detectors at the Nordic Optical Telescope....Pages 13-14
Mission accomplished — ESO’s optical detector systems come of age....Pages 15-23
Charge coupled devices at ESO — Performances and results....Pages 25-43
CCD Systems for PMAS....Pages 45-50
GTC — Present status and future plans....Pages 51-53
CCDs for the Rosetta Science Imaging System OSIRIS....Pages 55-62
CCD plans for the Subaru Telescope....Pages 63-69
CTIO Detectors: Present Status and Future Plans....Pages 71-75
COROT: High photometry stability with CCDs....Pages 77-90
Front Matter....Pages 91-91
CFH12K: Optimising 12 MIT/LL CCID-20 CCDs for a direct imaging application....Pages 93-109
MegaCam: The next generation wide-field camera for CFHT....Pages 111-117
The current state of the art in large CCD mosaic cameras, and a new strategy for wide field, high resolution optical imaging....Pages 119-132
CCD Mosaicing technique for Suprime-Cam (SUbaru PRIME focus CAMera)....Pages 133-142
BUSCA: A simultaneous 4 colour camera with 4K?4K CCDs....Pages 143-147
Focal Plane Array Design for the GAIA Space Mission....Pages 149-163
CFH12K: 12K?8K CCD Mosaic Camera for the CFHT Prime Focus....Pages 165-179
Front Matter....Pages 181-181
The life of Riley....Pages 183-185
CCD Imager Technology Development at Lincoln Laboratory....Pages 187-199
Front Matter....Pages 181-181
Point-spread function in depleted and partially depleted CCDs....Pages 201-216
High Speed pn-CCDs as Wave Front Sensors in Adaptive Optics Systems....Pages 217-225
Latest EEV CCD developments, and technologies for scientific CCDs....Pages 227-237
A 2K?2K High Resistivity CCD....Pages 239-244
Backside Illuminated Pixel Detectors....Pages 245-269
Development of a Back-Illuminated 4K?4K CCD with Low-Noise Outputs....Pages 271-276
Front Matter....Pages 277-277
Optimising CCDs for spectrographs....Pages 279-282
A new CCD designed for curvature wavefront sensing....Pages 283-309
Phase resolved high speed photometry and spectroscopy of Pulsars....Pages 311-317
The Removal of Periodic Read-out Patterns from Science Frames....Pages 319-324
Centering Accuracy with CCDs....Pages 325-338
The TAROT CCD Camera....Pages 339-343
Cloud Monitoring with CCDs....Pages 345-350
Using KAF-4201 CCDs for astronomy....Pages 351-357
A new machine for planarity measurement of CCDs and mosaics of CCDs.....Pages 359-364
Design Concepts of High Resolution Solar Imagers Based on Split-Transfer CCDs....Pages 365-376
CCD Optimisation Methods at LICK Observatory....Pages 377-385
Front Matter....Pages 387-387
TNG New Generation CCD Controller....Pages 389-394
SciMeasure Wavefront Sensor Cameras and their Application in the Palomar Adaptive Optics System....Pages 395-406
The 72-Channel S.A.O. Megacam: Design to PC Boards....Pages 407-411
The implementation of the San Diego State University Gen II CCD controller (SDSU II) at the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes (ING)....Pages 413-420

---

This book is the proceedings of a workshop held at the European Southern Observatory in September 1999, the 4th workshop of a series, which concentrates on optical detectors for astronomy.
Representatives from every leading manufacturer and all major astronomical observatories came together to present their work on Charged Coupled Devices (CCDs). The papers presented in these proceedings are concerned with the development, manufacture, testing, implementation, new techniques and applications of CCDs. Many discuss the electronics that are used to operate these detectors.
Astronomical observatories are the most ambitious and aggressive users of optical detectors, more so than any other scientific discipline. Since the quantum efficiency and noise of a detector have a direct effect on the quality of science, the makers of astronomical CCD systems continually `push the envelope' of optical detection technology. The papers contained in these proceedings provide the reader with the state of the art in CCD technology and contain information on research and development efforts, for ground-based and space-based applications, that will continue for several years.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xxiv
The Invention and Early History of the CCD....Pages 1-4
Hail to the Victors (CCDs): The history of optical detectors in astronomy from the 1960’s to the present.....Pages 5-10
Front Matter....Pages 11-11
Detectors at the Nordic Optical Telescope....Pages 13-14
Mission accomplished — ESO’s optical detector systems come of age....Pages 15-23
Charge coupled devices at ESO — Performances and results....Pages 25-43
CCD Systems for PMAS....Pages 45-50
GTC — Present status and future plans....Pages 51-53
CCDs for the Rosetta Science Imaging System OSIRIS....Pages 55-62
CCD plans for the Subaru Telescope....Pages 63-69
CTIO Detectors: Present Status and Future Plans....Pages 71-75
COROT: High photometry stability with CCDs....Pages 77-90
Front Matter....Pages 91-91
CFH12K: Optimising 12 MIT/LL CCID-20 CCDs for a direct imaging application....Pages 93-109
MegaCam: The next generation wide-field camera for CFHT....Pages 111-117
The current state of the art in large CCD mosaic cameras, and a new strategy for wide field, high resolution optical imaging....Pages 119-132
CCD Mosaicing technique for Suprime-Cam (SUbaru PRIME focus CAMera)....Pages 133-142
BUSCA: A simultaneous 4 colour camera with 4K?4K CCDs....Pages 143-147
Focal Plane Array Design for the GAIA Space Mission....Pages 149-163
CFH12K: 12K?8K CCD Mosaic Camera for the CFHT Prime Focus....Pages 165-179
Front Matter....Pages 181-181
The life of Riley....Pages 183-185
CCD Imager Technology Development at Lincoln Laboratory....Pages 187-199
Front Matter....Pages 181-181
Point-spread function in depleted and partially depleted CCDs....Pages 201-216
High Speed pn-CCDs as Wave Front Sensors in Adaptive Optics Systems....Pages 217-225
Latest EEV CCD developments, and technologies for scientific CCDs....Pages 227-237
A 2K?2K High Resistivity CCD....Pages 239-244
Backside Illuminated Pixel Detectors....Pages 245-269
Development of a Back-Illuminated 4K?4K CCD with Low-Noise Outputs....Pages 271-276
Front Matter....Pages 277-277
Optimising CCDs for spectrographs....Pages 279-282
A new CCD designed for curvature wavefront sensing....Pages 283-309
Phase resolved high speed photometry and spectroscopy of Pulsars....Pages 311-317
The Removal of Periodic Read-out Patterns from Science Frames....Pages 319-324
Centering Accuracy with CCDs....Pages 325-338
The TAROT CCD Camera....Pages 339-343
Cloud Monitoring with CCDs....Pages 345-350
Using KAF-4201 CCDs for astronomy....Pages 351-357
A new machine for planarity measurement of CCDs and mosaics of CCDs.....Pages 359-364
Design Concepts of High Resolution Solar Imagers Based on Split-Transfer CCDs....Pages 365-376
CCD Optimisation Methods at LICK Observatory....Pages 377-385
Front Matter....Pages 387-387
TNG New Generation CCD Controller....Pages 389-394
SciMeasure Wavefront Sensor Cameras and their Application in the Palomar Adaptive Optics System....Pages 395-406
The 72-Channel S.A.O. Megacam: Design to PC Boards....Pages 407-411
The implementation of the San Diego State University Gen II CCD controller (SDSU II) at the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes (ING)....Pages 413-420
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