Ebook: Energy Efficiency Improvements in Electronic Motors and Drives

The 1997 Kyoto Conference defined CO2 emISSIOn targets for the developed regions of the world. The EU target of decreasing the emissions 8% below the 1990 level, by 2010, will require a very substantial effort covering basically all activities if such a target is to be reached. Energy-efficient motor systems can provide one of the most important opportunities to achieve electricity savings in a cost effective way, avoiding at the same time the emission of tens of millions of tons of carbon. The reduction of energy consumption through improvements in energy efficiency is one of the major instruments for developed and developing countries to meet the Kyoto commitments. Energy efficiency is also a key element of the European Union (EU) energy policy, since it improves the efficiency of the economy, increases energy supply security, and decreases harmful emissions due to electricity generation. Electric motor systems use over half of all electricity consumed in developed countries. Typically about 70% of the electricity which is used in the industrial sector and about 35% of the electricity used in the commercial sector in the EU is consumed by motor systems. In industry, a motor on average consumes an annual quantity of electricity which corresponds to approximately 5 times its purchase price, throughout its whole life of around 12 to 20 years.

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This book covers the state of the art of energy-efficient electric motor technologies, which can be used now and in the near future to achieve significant and cost-effective energy savings. Recent developments in advanced motor technologies by some of the largest manufacturers of motors and drives are also presented. Although energy-efficient motor technologies can save a huge amount of electricity, they still have not been widely adopted. The barriers which can hinder the adoption of those technologies are presented. Policies and programmes to promote the large scale penetration of energy-efficient technologies and the market transformation are featured in the book, describing the experiences carried out in different parts of the world. This extensive coverage includes contributions from relevant institutions in the European Union, North America, Latin America, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.

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This book covers the state of the art of energy-efficient electric motor technologies, which can be used now and in the near future to achieve significant and cost-effective energy savings. Recent developments in advanced motor technologies by some of the largest manufacturers of motors and drives are also presented. Although energy-efficient motor technologies can save a huge amount of electricity, they still have not been widely adopted. The barriers which can hinder the adoption of those technologies are presented. Policies and programmes to promote the large scale penetration of energy-efficient technologies and the market transformation are featured in the book, describing the experiences carried out in different parts of the world. This extensive coverage includes contributions from relevant institutions in the European Union, North America, Latin America, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XIII
Energy Efficiency in a Competitive Economy....Pages 1-6
Ethics & Answers: Engineering Efficiency for a Sustainable Future....Pages 7-11
Integration of Motors and Drives....Pages 13-25
Design of Motors for Inverter Operation....Pages 26-38
Die Casting Copper Motor Rotors: Mold Materials and Processing for Cost-Effective Manufacturing....Pages 39-51
Review of the System Compatibility and Ride through Options for AC and DC Drives Including Multilevel Inverters....Pages 52-80
Introduction to the Permanent Magnet Motor Market....Pages 81-94
High Efficiency Motors — Performance, Economy & Reliability, by Optimisation....Pages 95-101
The Influence of Select Losses Components on Induction Squirrel-Cage Motor Efficiency....Pages 102-106
Inverter Fed High-Speed Solid-Rotor Induction Motors for Industrial Applications....Pages 107-112
Switched Reluctance Drive for Mass Application....Pages 113-116
The Written-Pole™ Motor: High Efficiency – Low Start Current....Pages 117-123
Motor and Drive Integration with Passive Components Realized Using the Stator Core....Pages 124-129
Efficiency Improvement of Variable Speed Electrical Drives for HVAC Applications....Pages 130-135
Higher Efficiency Drive for Fluid Treatments....Pages 136-141
Characterization of EU Motor Use....Pages 143-167
Minimizing Efficiency Loss Caused by Motor Rewinds....Pages 168-189
Improving Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems— The Iron Ore Industry....Pages 190-204
Optimizing Fan Systems for Energy Efficiency....Pages 205-238
Energy Optimized Drive Systems Design....Pages 239-251
Using Collaboration to Achieve Industrial Market Change....Pages 252-268
Pump System Effectiveness....Pages 269-277
Driver Selection Matched to Demand: A Consideration for Maximising Lifecycle Costs by Using the Correct Driver....Pages 278-284
Environmental Impact Assessment (LCA) Energy and Re-cycling for a Circulator....Pages 285-286
Promoting the Purchase of More Efficient Pumps A SAVE Study....Pages 287-295
On Site Testing....Pages 296-299
SQ - Submersible Pump with Integrated Permanent Magnet Motor Drive....Pages 300-306
Induction Motor Efficiency Measurement....Pages 307-313
Experience Factors When Testing for Efficiency and Correlating Results with Design....Pages 314-319
Approaching the Truth in Induction Motor Efficiency....Pages 320-327
Precise Efficiency Data for Electric Motors – an Illusion?....Pages 328-334
Calorimetric Method to Measure Total Losses of the Induction Motor....Pages 335-342
Precision Calorimetry for Stray Load Loss Determination....Pages 343-352
A Test and Measurement System for Test of Electrical Drive Systems....Pages 353-360
Induction Motor Efficiency Standards....Pages 361-368
The European Negotiated Agreement to Improve Motor Efficiency....Pages 369-377
EPAct Legislation - The United States Experience of Minimum Efficiency Standards for Induction Motors....Pages 378-382
The Challenge to Define the New IEC Test Method (for the Measurement and Declaration of Efficiency of Induction Motors)....Pages 383-394
Evaluating the Impact of a Government-Sponsored Motor-Driven System Efficiency Program: The U.S. Experience....Pages 395-412
Canada’s Energy Efficiency Regulations for Electric Motors: Four Years Later....Pages 415-423
Motors: IEA Perspectives and Activities....Pages 424-430
Perspectives of Labeling and Standards of Electric Motors in Europe....Pages 431-439
Australia’s National Greenhouse Strategy and Electric Motor Efficiency....Pages 440-448
Results of The Danish “High Efficiency Motors Campaign”....Pages 449-456
China - Motors: Opportunities and Activities....Pages 457-462
Proposed Principles of the Future Standard for High Efficiency Induction Motors....Pages 463-471
Brazilian Minimum Efficiency Level for Industrial Motors: A Successful Low Cost Program....Pages 472-481
The UK Energy Efficiency Best Practice Program Lessons Learned....Pages 483-497
The New European Database on Efficient Electric Motor Systems: EURODEEM-98....Pages 498-513
Evaluation of the Design Options and Cost Impact of Improving Induction Motor Efficiency....Pages 514-528
“Life-Cycle Costs” of Industrial Electric Drives in the Process Industry - Energy Consumption and Economics of Electric Drives....Pages 529-539
IEA Hi-Motors Competition....Pages 540-545
LCC-based Guidelines on Procurement of Energy Intensive Equipment in Industries....Pages 546-549
A New Pay-as-You Save Scheme for the Retrofitting of Variable Speed Drives to Fans and Pumps....Pages 551-557
The Impact of Efficiency Legislation on the US Motor Market....Pages 558-565
Contract Energy Management of Compressed Air....Pages 566-570
Electric Motor Management Scheme....Pages 571-578

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This book covers the state of the art of energy-efficient electric motor technologies, which can be used now and in the near future to achieve significant and cost-effective energy savings. Recent developments in advanced motor technologies by some of the largest manufacturers of motors and drives are also presented. Although energy-efficient motor technologies can save a huge amount of electricity, they still have not been widely adopted. The barriers which can hinder the adoption of those technologies are presented. Policies and programmes to promote the large scale penetration of energy-efficient technologies and the market transformation are featured in the book, describing the experiences carried out in different parts of the world. This extensive coverage includes contributions from relevant institutions in the European Union, North America, Latin America, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XIII
Energy Efficiency in a Competitive Economy....Pages 1-6
Ethics & Answers: Engineering Efficiency for a Sustainable Future....Pages 7-11
Integration of Motors and Drives....Pages 13-25
Design of Motors for Inverter Operation....Pages 26-38
Die Casting Copper Motor Rotors: Mold Materials and Processing for Cost-Effective Manufacturing....Pages 39-51
Review of the System Compatibility and Ride through Options for AC and DC Drives Including Multilevel Inverters....Pages 52-80
Introduction to the Permanent Magnet Motor Market....Pages 81-94
High Efficiency Motors — Performance, Economy & Reliability, by Optimisation....Pages 95-101
The Influence of Select Losses Components on Induction Squirrel-Cage Motor Efficiency....Pages 102-106
Inverter Fed High-Speed Solid-Rotor Induction Motors for Industrial Applications....Pages 107-112
Switched Reluctance Drive for Mass Application....Pages 113-116
The Written-Pole™ Motor: High Efficiency – Low Start Current....Pages 117-123
Motor and Drive Integration with Passive Components Realized Using the Stator Core....Pages 124-129
Efficiency Improvement of Variable Speed Electrical Drives for HVAC Applications....Pages 130-135
Higher Efficiency Drive for Fluid Treatments....Pages 136-141
Characterization of EU Motor Use....Pages 143-167
Minimizing Efficiency Loss Caused by Motor Rewinds....Pages 168-189
Improving Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems— The Iron Ore Industry....Pages 190-204
Optimizing Fan Systems for Energy Efficiency....Pages 205-238
Energy Optimized Drive Systems Design....Pages 239-251
Using Collaboration to Achieve Industrial Market Change....Pages 252-268
Pump System Effectiveness....Pages 269-277
Driver Selection Matched to Demand: A Consideration for Maximising Lifecycle Costs by Using the Correct Driver....Pages 278-284
Environmental Impact Assessment (LCA) Energy and Re-cycling for a Circulator....Pages 285-286
Promoting the Purchase of More Efficient Pumps A SAVE Study....Pages 287-295
On Site Testing....Pages 296-299
SQ - Submersible Pump with Integrated Permanent Magnet Motor Drive....Pages 300-306
Induction Motor Efficiency Measurement....Pages 307-313
Experience Factors When Testing for Efficiency and Correlating Results with Design....Pages 314-319
Approaching the Truth in Induction Motor Efficiency....Pages 320-327
Precise Efficiency Data for Electric Motors – an Illusion?....Pages 328-334
Calorimetric Method to Measure Total Losses of the Induction Motor....Pages 335-342
Precision Calorimetry for Stray Load Loss Determination....Pages 343-352
A Test and Measurement System for Test of Electrical Drive Systems....Pages 353-360
Induction Motor Efficiency Standards....Pages 361-368
The European Negotiated Agreement to Improve Motor Efficiency....Pages 369-377
EPAct Legislation - The United States Experience of Minimum Efficiency Standards for Induction Motors....Pages 378-382
The Challenge to Define the New IEC Test Method (for the Measurement and Declaration of Efficiency of Induction Motors)....Pages 383-394
Evaluating the Impact of a Government-Sponsored Motor-Driven System Efficiency Program: The U.S. Experience....Pages 395-412
Canada’s Energy Efficiency Regulations for Electric Motors: Four Years Later....Pages 415-423
Motors: IEA Perspectives and Activities....Pages 424-430
Perspectives of Labeling and Standards of Electric Motors in Europe....Pages 431-439
Australia’s National Greenhouse Strategy and Electric Motor Efficiency....Pages 440-448
Results of The Danish “High Efficiency Motors Campaign”....Pages 449-456
China - Motors: Opportunities and Activities....Pages 457-462
Proposed Principles of the Future Standard for High Efficiency Induction Motors....Pages 463-471
Brazilian Minimum Efficiency Level for Industrial Motors: A Successful Low Cost Program....Pages 472-481
The UK Energy Efficiency Best Practice Program Lessons Learned....Pages 483-497
The New European Database on Efficient Electric Motor Systems: EURODEEM-98....Pages 498-513
Evaluation of the Design Options and Cost Impact of Improving Induction Motor Efficiency....Pages 514-528
“Life-Cycle Costs” of Industrial Electric Drives in the Process Industry - Energy Consumption and Economics of Electric Drives....Pages 529-539
IEA Hi-Motors Competition....Pages 540-545
LCC-based Guidelines on Procurement of Energy Intensive Equipment in Industries....Pages 546-549
A New Pay-as-You Save Scheme for the Retrofitting of Variable Speed Drives to Fans and Pumps....Pages 551-557
The Impact of Efficiency Legislation on the US Motor Market....Pages 558-565
Contract Energy Management of Compressed Air....Pages 566-570
Electric Motor Management Scheme....Pages 571-578
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