Ebook: Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10–12 November 1997, Florence, Italy

There is widespread interest throughout the world in improving appliance energy efficiency. Methods to reach that end include energy labeling, energy efficiency standards and market conditioning (e.g, energy efficient procurement and DSM programs). Energy efficiency standards, which started out as an action to reduce demand for energy in individual countries, has now become a subject of regional and even worldwide dimension, particularly in the context of global climate change mitigation. Mandatory energy efficiency standards are in place for some appliances in China, Canada, Mexico, the Philippines and the United States. Standards for refrigerator/freezers will take effect in Australia and the European Union in 1999. Voluntary energy efficiency standards are in place for refrigerators in Brazil, India and Korea and for air conditioners in India, Japan and Korea. Table I showed potential global energy use reductions from codes and standards in buildings. If individual country data can be assembled, a more accurate approach to estimating potential reductions in energy use and carbon emissions would be to perform a bottom-up analysis for energy using equipment on an end-use basis in as many large developing countries as possible. The impact of standards would be assessed as more efficient appliances replaced existing stock models and new purchases that increased saturation rates were made at higher efficiencies than would otherwise be the case. This approach would show the slow but steady buildup of annual energy savings from efficiency standards or other programs to improve energy efficiency.

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The first International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances was held in Florence, Italy, in November 1997. This book provides a full account of presentations made, discussions and conclusions reached during the four days of the Conference. It offers a comprehensive picture of the issues at stake, of the results achieved so far through the design and application of standards, the promotion of a better consumer information, the development of energy efficient products and technologies as well as of test methods and other analytical tools. It covers the full range of domestic appliances, with specific sections dealing with White Goods, Air Conditioning, Water Heating, Consumer Electronics and Domestic Lighting. Best practice examples are presented, drawn from a wide range of international experiences. Future perspectives are illustrated, including both technology and policy options and the conditions for their implementation.

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The first International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances was held in Florence, Italy, in November 1997. This book provides a full account of presentations made, discussions and conclusions reached during the four days of the Conference. It offers a comprehensive picture of the issues at stake, of the results achieved so far through the design and application of standards, the promotion of a better consumer information, the development of energy efficient products and technologies as well as of test methods and other analytical tools. It covers the full range of domestic appliances, with specific sections dealing with White Goods, Air Conditioning, Water Heating, Consumer Electronics and Domestic Lighting. Best practice examples are presented, drawn from a wide range of international experiences. Future perspectives are illustrated, including both technology and policy options and the conditions for their implementation.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XI
Opening Session....Pages 1-6
Appliances, Energy, and the Environment: The Scale of the Issue....Pages 7-13
Impact of Energy and Environmental Issues on the Globalisation of the Industry and Markets....Pages 14-16
Energy consumption of household appliances....Pages 17-21
Appliance Energy Efficiency: Opportunities, Barriers, and Policy Solutions....Pages 22-37
Energy efficiency in the domestic sector, what can utilities do?....Pages 38-42
Present Status of Residential Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards — An International Review....Pages 43-54
The U.S. Department of Energy’ s Appliance Energy Efficiency Process Improvement Effort....Pages 55-65
Impact of U.S. Energy Efficiency Requirements on Appliance Industry....Pages 66-76
The U.S. Experience in Appliance Energy Efficiency: Successful Past, Challenging Future....Pages 77-78
European Union Efforts to Promote More Efficient Appliances....Pages 79-88
The CECED Commitment for Clothes Washers....Pages 89-91
The EACEM Commitment for Tvs and VCRs....Pages 92-99
Appliance Energy Labels from Around the World....Pages 100-112
Understanding consumer behaviour: the implications for UK policy....Pages 113-124
The EU-Labelling Scheme: Does it Really Work for Consumers?....Pages 125-130
Making the Market Force Work: The E-rated Appliances Programme....Pages 131-137
Appliances on the Web: A New Tool to Inform Consumers....Pages 138-148
Changing patterns of air conditioning in Japan....Pages 149-157
End Use Measurement Campaigns of Electricity Specific Uses in the Residential Sector....Pages 158-170
Survey of Uses of Domestic Appliances in United Kingdom 1996....Pages 171-175
Experience of the St?dtische Werke AG (the Municipal Utility of the City of Kassel, Germany) with Rebate Programmes for Energy-Efficient Household Appliances and Lamps Over the Last 4 Years....Pages 176-182
Utility’ s DSM Initiative Can Accelerate the Introduction of Energy Efficient Appliances....Pages 183-190
“Utility’ s DSM Initiative Can Accelerate the Introduction of Energy Efficient Appliances, the Danish Experience”....Pages 191-198
Energy Saving in Houses, Information to Families and Negotiating With Producers. Adiconsum Consumer Association Role in the Matter....Pages 199-203
The achievements in refrigeration appliances from the industrial point of view....Pages 204-208
Washing machines - latest developments in technology....Pages 209-217
Refrigerators, freezers and relevant standards....Pages 218-230
Refrigerators: developments in the European market....Pages 231-247
Technology Procurement: the development of the competition for A-rated driers....Pages 248-251
Development of the E- Polis instrument to evaluate the country specificity: the case of wet appliances....Pages 252-257
The Results of a Consumers Impact Evaluation....Pages 258-270
State of the art in economic evaluation methodologies and manufacturer impact modeling....Pages 271-283
Findings of EU Study on Water Heathers....Pages 284-295
Residential Air Conditioners: U.S. Experience and Possible Extensions to the Global Market....Pages 296-308
Preliminary results from the study on energy consumption in the TV on mode....Pages 309-317
Study On Miscellaneous Standby Power Consumption of Household Equipment (light - audio - white goods)....Pages 318-321
Marketing Energy Efficiency in High-Profile Markets....Pages 322-325
The GEA Consumer Information Scheme....Pages 326-331
In-House Measurements of the Electricity Consumption of Home Entertainment Appliances: the CEMEDA Collaboration....Pages 332-341
Results from the investigations on leaking electricity in the USA....Pages 342-352
Stand-by Electricity Consumption in Japanese Houses....Pages 353-363
New Efficient Lighting Technologies for the Home....Pages 364-374
New Energy Efficient Torchieres Ready For Hot Torchiere Market....Pages 375-385
Developing the Specification for a Replacement Incandescent Lamp....Pages 386-394
Building Buyer Strength for a Future Bulb....Pages 395-400
European Experiences in Initiatives concerning Energy Saving in the Lighting Field: Actions Performed by CELMA and CELMA-COMPONENTS....Pages 401-404
Market Research on the Use of Energy Saving Lamps: The DELight Project....Pages 405-411
Implementation and Evaluation of Residential Lighting Projects in Brazil....Pages 412-418
Monitoring Domestic Lighting....Pages 419-425
Evaluation of the joint DSM action “Bright North Rhine-Westphalia” for efficient residential lighting....Pages 426-435
Results from the Sacha Project....Pages 436-446
Household Electricity Consumption in the Czech Republic and Effective Ways to Influence it....Pages 447-454
Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency for Chinese Household Appliance....Pages 455-468
Stories from Asia: Standards and Labeling Successes....Pages 469-486
Evaluating the Impact of the Australian Household Appliance Energy Efficiency Program....Pages 487-498
Energy Efficiency Standards and Labelling of Household Refrigerator-Freezers in Iran....Pages 499-510
The Next Generation of Appliances: Visions for Sustainability....Pages 511-522
Super Efficient Cooling Needs Effective Policies....Pages 523-529
Tomorrow’ s refrigerators....Pages 530-538
Last Progresses for Energy Savings for Domestic Refrigerators....Pages 539-546
The Next Generation of Energy Test Procedures....Pages 547-555
Involving Other Industries: The Role for the Detergent Manufacturers....Pages 556-557
Greening the Industry, the Evolution of Resource Efficient Products & Environmental Standards....Pages 558-570
The consumer, the New Scapegoat?....Pages 571-575
Will tomorrow’s utility supply the energy services domestic customers need?....Pages 576-585
Step one for market transformation: identify the actors....Pages 586-595
Retailers : a possible stepping stone for promoting energy efficiency in household appliances....Pages 596-605
Climate change and appliance efficiency....Pages 606-607
Conclusions and Recommendations....Pages 608-609
Closing Speech....Pages 610-611
Households: A New IT Market....Pages 612-612
New Customer/Utility Services and Communication Media....Pages 613-614
Home Electronic Systems....Pages 615-622
Leaking Electricity in the U.S.: Standby and Off-Mode Power Consumption in Consumer Electronics and Household Appliances....Pages 623-634

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The first International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances was held in Florence, Italy, in November 1997. This book provides a full account of presentations made, discussions and conclusions reached during the four days of the Conference. It offers a comprehensive picture of the issues at stake, of the results achieved so far through the design and application of standards, the promotion of a better consumer information, the development of energy efficient products and technologies as well as of test methods and other analytical tools. It covers the full range of domestic appliances, with specific sections dealing with White Goods, Air Conditioning, Water Heating, Consumer Electronics and Domestic Lighting. Best practice examples are presented, drawn from a wide range of international experiences. Future perspectives are illustrated, including both technology and policy options and the conditions for their implementation.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XI
Opening Session....Pages 1-6
Appliances, Energy, and the Environment: The Scale of the Issue....Pages 7-13
Impact of Energy and Environmental Issues on the Globalisation of the Industry and Markets....Pages 14-16
Energy consumption of household appliances....Pages 17-21
Appliance Energy Efficiency: Opportunities, Barriers, and Policy Solutions....Pages 22-37
Energy efficiency in the domestic sector, what can utilities do?....Pages 38-42
Present Status of Residential Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards — An International Review....Pages 43-54
The U.S. Department of Energy’ s Appliance Energy Efficiency Process Improvement Effort....Pages 55-65
Impact of U.S. Energy Efficiency Requirements on Appliance Industry....Pages 66-76
The U.S. Experience in Appliance Energy Efficiency: Successful Past, Challenging Future....Pages 77-78
European Union Efforts to Promote More Efficient Appliances....Pages 79-88
The CECED Commitment for Clothes Washers....Pages 89-91
The EACEM Commitment for Tvs and VCRs....Pages 92-99
Appliance Energy Labels from Around the World....Pages 100-112
Understanding consumer behaviour: the implications for UK policy....Pages 113-124
The EU-Labelling Scheme: Does it Really Work for Consumers?....Pages 125-130
Making the Market Force Work: The E-rated Appliances Programme....Pages 131-137
Appliances on the Web: A New Tool to Inform Consumers....Pages 138-148
Changing patterns of air conditioning in Japan....Pages 149-157
End Use Measurement Campaigns of Electricity Specific Uses in the Residential Sector....Pages 158-170
Survey of Uses of Domestic Appliances in United Kingdom 1996....Pages 171-175
Experience of the St?dtische Werke AG (the Municipal Utility of the City of Kassel, Germany) with Rebate Programmes for Energy-Efficient Household Appliances and Lamps Over the Last 4 Years....Pages 176-182
Utility’ s DSM Initiative Can Accelerate the Introduction of Energy Efficient Appliances....Pages 183-190
“Utility’ s DSM Initiative Can Accelerate the Introduction of Energy Efficient Appliances, the Danish Experience”....Pages 191-198
Energy Saving in Houses, Information to Families and Negotiating With Producers. Adiconsum Consumer Association Role in the Matter....Pages 199-203
The achievements in refrigeration appliances from the industrial point of view....Pages 204-208
Washing machines - latest developments in technology....Pages 209-217
Refrigerators, freezers and relevant standards....Pages 218-230
Refrigerators: developments in the European market....Pages 231-247
Technology Procurement: the development of the competition for A-rated driers....Pages 248-251
Development of the E- Polis instrument to evaluate the country specificity: the case of wet appliances....Pages 252-257
The Results of a Consumers Impact Evaluation....Pages 258-270
State of the art in economic evaluation methodologies and manufacturer impact modeling....Pages 271-283
Findings of EU Study on Water Heathers....Pages 284-295
Residential Air Conditioners: U.S. Experience and Possible Extensions to the Global Market....Pages 296-308
Preliminary results from the study on energy consumption in the TV on mode....Pages 309-317
Study On Miscellaneous Standby Power Consumption of Household Equipment (light - audio - white goods)....Pages 318-321
Marketing Energy Efficiency in High-Profile Markets....Pages 322-325
The GEA Consumer Information Scheme....Pages 326-331
In-House Measurements of the Electricity Consumption of Home Entertainment Appliances: the CEMEDA Collaboration....Pages 332-341
Results from the investigations on leaking electricity in the USA....Pages 342-352
Stand-by Electricity Consumption in Japanese Houses....Pages 353-363
New Efficient Lighting Technologies for the Home....Pages 364-374
New Energy Efficient Torchieres Ready For Hot Torchiere Market....Pages 375-385
Developing the Specification for a Replacement Incandescent Lamp....Pages 386-394
Building Buyer Strength for a Future Bulb....Pages 395-400
European Experiences in Initiatives concerning Energy Saving in the Lighting Field: Actions Performed by CELMA and CELMA-COMPONENTS....Pages 401-404
Market Research on the Use of Energy Saving Lamps: The DELight Project....Pages 405-411
Implementation and Evaluation of Residential Lighting Projects in Brazil....Pages 412-418
Monitoring Domestic Lighting....Pages 419-425
Evaluation of the joint DSM action “Bright North Rhine-Westphalia” for efficient residential lighting....Pages 426-435
Results from the Sacha Project....Pages 436-446
Household Electricity Consumption in the Czech Republic and Effective Ways to Influence it....Pages 447-454
Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency for Chinese Household Appliance....Pages 455-468
Stories from Asia: Standards and Labeling Successes....Pages 469-486
Evaluating the Impact of the Australian Household Appliance Energy Efficiency Program....Pages 487-498
Energy Efficiency Standards and Labelling of Household Refrigerator-Freezers in Iran....Pages 499-510
The Next Generation of Appliances: Visions for Sustainability....Pages 511-522
Super Efficient Cooling Needs Effective Policies....Pages 523-529
Tomorrow’ s refrigerators....Pages 530-538
Last Progresses for Energy Savings for Domestic Refrigerators....Pages 539-546
The Next Generation of Energy Test Procedures....Pages 547-555
Involving Other Industries: The Role for the Detergent Manufacturers....Pages 556-557
Greening the Industry, the Evolution of Resource Efficient Products & Environmental Standards....Pages 558-570
The consumer, the New Scapegoat?....Pages 571-575
Will tomorrow’s utility supply the energy services domestic customers need?....Pages 576-585
Step one for market transformation: identify the actors....Pages 586-595
Retailers : a possible stepping stone for promoting energy efficiency in household appliances....Pages 596-605
Climate change and appliance efficiency....Pages 606-607
Conclusions and Recommendations....Pages 608-609
Closing Speech....Pages 610-611
Households: A New IT Market....Pages 612-612
New Customer/Utility Services and Communication Media....Pages 613-614
Home Electronic Systems....Pages 615-622
Leaking Electricity in the U.S.: Standby and Off-Mode Power Consumption in Consumer Electronics and Household Appliances....Pages 623-634
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