Ebook: Nuclear Materials Safety Management

With the end of the Cold War, new opportunities for interaction have opened up between the United States and the countries of the Former Soviet Union. Many of these important initiatives involve the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Atomic Energy (MINA TOM). Currently, collaboration is under way which involves reactor safety, the disposition of fissile materials from the weapons program, radioactive waste disposal, and the safety of nuclear warheads. Another fruitful area of interchange resulted from the radiochemical storage tank accident at the site of the Siberian Chemical Compound at Tomsk-7 in 1993. DOE and MINATOM agreed to meet and exchange information about the accident for the purposes of improving safety. A meeting on the Tomsk tank accident was held in Hanford, Washington in 1993, followed by a second meeting in st. Petersburg, Russia in 1994 in which the agenda expanded to include radiochemical processing safety. A third exchange took place in 1995 in Los Alamos, New Mexico, and additional papers were presented on nonreactor nuclear safety. Following a planning session in 1996 in Seattle, Washington, it was decided to hold a fourth technical exchange on the broader subject of nuclear materials safety management. Through a grant from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Disarmament Programme, the meeting took place on March 17- 21, 1997, in Amarillo, Texas as a NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) through grant no. DISRM 961315.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Remarks of US Representative Mac Thornberry....Pages 1-3
Relationship of Past US/RF Nuclear Material Safety Management Activities to Workshop Goals....Pages 5-12
Toward an Integrated Nuclear Materials Safety Management Approach in the United States and Russia....Pages 13-21
Implementing a Nuclear Materials Safety Management Program in the US and Russia....Pages 23-28
Nuclear Materials Safety Management: US Perspectives....Pages 29-31
Problem of Safe Management of Radioactive Wastes in Russia....Pages 33-47
The System of Safety Assurance for Facilities of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation During Normal Operation and Emergencies....Pages 49-64
Stabilizing Plutonium to Reduce Risk to the Public and Workers....Pages 65-68
Long-Term Storage of Plutonium....Pages 69-70
Technologic Safety Assurance for Plutonium to MOX Conversion....Pages 71-74
Principles and Measures for Nuclear Safety in Storage of Excess Weapons-Grade Plutonium in the Permanent Storage Facility Being Designed Within the Russian-US Agreement....Pages 75-80
Prevention of Accident Consequences in Plutonium Storage....Pages 81-85
Experience in Plutonium Storage and Transportation....Pages 87-91
Safety Issues in Plutonium Transport....Pages 93-96
Maintenance of Safety During Transportation of Nuclear Materials....Pages 97-108
Development of Technology and Equipment for MOX Fuel Production: Provision of Production Safety....Pages 109-114
Application of a Plasma-Chemical Process for Safe Transformation of Weapons Plutonium into MOX Fuel....Pages 115-118
MOX Fabrication and Transportation Safety Issues in Belgium....Pages 119-129
Management of DOE-Owned Spent Nuclear Fuel....Pages 131-138
US Commercial LWR Spent Fuel Storage....Pages 139-142
Safety for Transportation, Reloading, and Storage of VVER-1000 Reactor Spent Fuel at the RT-2 Plant Storage Facility....Pages 143-154
Options for MOX Fuel Utilization, Interim Storage, and Disposition in Germany....Pages 155-168
Safety Problems in Storage and Transportation of Spent Fuel....Pages 169-181
Increasing Technological Safety at the Russian Radiochemical Plant RT-1....Pages 183-190
The Problems of Ensuring Safety for Underground Isolation of Nuclear Materials Contained in the Long-Lived Radionuclides....Pages 191-208
The Application of Geological Similarity Principles for Securing the Safety of Isolation of Plutonium and Other Long-Lived Technogenous Radionuclides in Deep Geological Formations and the Development of a Technology for Synthesis of Mineral-Like Matrices for Radioactive Waste Immobilization....Pages 209-218
Methodology and Results of Studies of Environmental Contamination by Plutonium in Zones of Nuclear Facilities Impact....Pages 219-235
The Use of Nondestructive Nuclear Methods to Ensure the Safety of Nuclear Materials Management....Pages 237-243
Safety Assessment as a Basis for Decision Making....Pages 245-252
Nuclear Safety Arrangements While Storing Enriched Uranium....Pages 253-256
Radiation Safety and Work With Plutonium....Pages 257-262
Safety of Handling Nuclear Materials at the State Research Center of Russia-Institute of Biophysics....Pages 263-267
Container for Transportation and Long-Term Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel....Pages 269-270
Neutronics Benchmarks for the Utilization of Mixed Oxide Fuel in Water Reactors....Pages 271-279
Removal and Collection of Gallium from Surplus Weapons Plutonium....Pages 281-285
Fuel Test System for Gallium-Zirconium Interaction at the Texas A&M University Nuclear Science Center....Pages 287-290
Can-In-Canister Alternative for Vitrification of Surplus Weapons Plutonium: Overview of Thermal Issues....Pages 291-296
Evaluation of Thermal Stresses During a Glass Pour....Pages 297-314
A Research Program in Automation, Robotics, and Tele-operation....Pages 315-320
Perspectives on Nuclear Materials Safety Management Methods at DOE Sites....Pages 321-325
Russian Perspectives on Nuclear Materials Safety Management Methods....Pages 327-328
US-Russian Technical Exchanges on Radioactive Aerosol Monitoring....Pages 329-332
Overview of Sandia National Laboratories and Khlopin Radium Institute Collaborative Radiological Accident Consequence Analysis Efforts....Pages 333-340
Review of Current Russian-American Joint Projects on Safe Management of Nuclear Materials....Pages 341-344
Summary: Planning for the Nuclear Materials Safety Management Initiative....Pages 345-360
Protocol of the Nato Advanced Research Workshop on Nuclear Materials Safety Management....Pages 361-368
Appendix: Internet Sites on Nuclear Materials Safety Management, Environmental Safety and Health, Arms Control and Disarmament, Performance-Based Management, and Lessons Learned....Pages 369-374
Back Matter....Pages 375-378

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Remarks of US Representative Mac Thornberry....Pages 1-3
Relationship of Past US/RF Nuclear Material Safety Management Activities to Workshop Goals....Pages 5-12
Toward an Integrated Nuclear Materials Safety Management Approach in the United States and Russia....Pages 13-21
Implementing a Nuclear Materials Safety Management Program in the US and Russia....Pages 23-28
Nuclear Materials Safety Management: US Perspectives....Pages 29-31
Problem of Safe Management of Radioactive Wastes in Russia....Pages 33-47
The System of Safety Assurance for Facilities of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation During Normal Operation and Emergencies....Pages 49-64
Stabilizing Plutonium to Reduce Risk to the Public and Workers....Pages 65-68
Long-Term Storage of Plutonium....Pages 69-70
Technologic Safety Assurance for Plutonium to MOX Conversion....Pages 71-74
Principles and Measures for Nuclear Safety in Storage of Excess Weapons-Grade Plutonium in the Permanent Storage Facility Being Designed Within the Russian-US Agreement....Pages 75-80
Prevention of Accident Consequences in Plutonium Storage....Pages 81-85
Experience in Plutonium Storage and Transportation....Pages 87-91
Safety Issues in Plutonium Transport....Pages 93-96
Maintenance of Safety During Transportation of Nuclear Materials....Pages 97-108
Development of Technology and Equipment for MOX Fuel Production: Provision of Production Safety....Pages 109-114
Application of a Plasma-Chemical Process for Safe Transformation of Weapons Plutonium into MOX Fuel....Pages 115-118
MOX Fabrication and Transportation Safety Issues in Belgium....Pages 119-129
Management of DOE-Owned Spent Nuclear Fuel....Pages 131-138
US Commercial LWR Spent Fuel Storage....Pages 139-142
Safety for Transportation, Reloading, and Storage of VVER-1000 Reactor Spent Fuel at the RT-2 Plant Storage Facility....Pages 143-154
Options for MOX Fuel Utilization, Interim Storage, and Disposition in Germany....Pages 155-168
Safety Problems in Storage and Transportation of Spent Fuel....Pages 169-181
Increasing Technological Safety at the Russian Radiochemical Plant RT-1....Pages 183-190
The Problems of Ensuring Safety for Underground Isolation of Nuclear Materials Contained in the Long-Lived Radionuclides....Pages 191-208
The Application of Geological Similarity Principles for Securing the Safety of Isolation of Plutonium and Other Long-Lived Technogenous Radionuclides in Deep Geological Formations and the Development of a Technology for Synthesis of Mineral-Like Matrices for Radioactive Waste Immobilization....Pages 209-218
Methodology and Results of Studies of Environmental Contamination by Plutonium in Zones of Nuclear Facilities Impact....Pages 219-235
The Use of Nondestructive Nuclear Methods to Ensure the Safety of Nuclear Materials Management....Pages 237-243
Safety Assessment as a Basis for Decision Making....Pages 245-252
Nuclear Safety Arrangements While Storing Enriched Uranium....Pages 253-256
Radiation Safety and Work With Plutonium....Pages 257-262
Safety of Handling Nuclear Materials at the State Research Center of Russia-Institute of Biophysics....Pages 263-267
Container for Transportation and Long-Term Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel....Pages 269-270
Neutronics Benchmarks for the Utilization of Mixed Oxide Fuel in Water Reactors....Pages 271-279
Removal and Collection of Gallium from Surplus Weapons Plutonium....Pages 281-285
Fuel Test System for Gallium-Zirconium Interaction at the Texas A&M University Nuclear Science Center....Pages 287-290
Can-In-Canister Alternative for Vitrification of Surplus Weapons Plutonium: Overview of Thermal Issues....Pages 291-296
Evaluation of Thermal Stresses During a Glass Pour....Pages 297-314
A Research Program in Automation, Robotics, and Tele-operation....Pages 315-320
Perspectives on Nuclear Materials Safety Management Methods at DOE Sites....Pages 321-325
Russian Perspectives on Nuclear Materials Safety Management Methods....Pages 327-328
US-Russian Technical Exchanges on Radioactive Aerosol Monitoring....Pages 329-332
Overview of Sandia National Laboratories and Khlopin Radium Institute Collaborative Radiological Accident Consequence Analysis Efforts....Pages 333-340
Review of Current Russian-American Joint Projects on Safe Management of Nuclear Materials....Pages 341-344
Summary: Planning for the Nuclear Materials Safety Management Initiative....Pages 345-360
Protocol of the Nato Advanced Research Workshop on Nuclear Materials Safety Management....Pages 361-368
Appendix: Internet Sites on Nuclear Materials Safety Management, Environmental Safety and Health, Arms Control and Disarmament, Performance-Based Management, and Lessons Learned....Pages 369-374
Back Matter....Pages 375-378
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