Ebook: Crashworthiness of Transportation Systems: Structural Impact and Occupant Protection
- Tags: Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering, Mechanics, Vibration Dynamical Systems Control
- Series: NATO ASI Series 332
- Year: 1997
- Publisher: Springer Netherlands
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
A systematic treatment of current crashworthiness practice in the automotive, railroad and aircraft industries. Structural, exterior and interior design, occupant biomechanics, seat and restraint systems are dealt with, taking account of statistical data, current regulations and state-of-the-art design tool capabilities. Occupant kinematics and biomechanics are reviewed, leading to a basic understanding of human tolerance to impact and of the use of anthropometric test dummies and mathematical modelling techniques. Different types of restraining systems are described in terms of impact biomechanics. The material and structural behaviour of vehicle components is discussed in relation to crash testing. A variety of commonly used techniques for simulating occupants and structures are presented, in particular the use of multibody dynamics, finite element methods and simplified macro-elements, in the context of design tools of increasing complexity, which can be used to model both vehicles and occupants.
Audience: An excellent reference for researchers, engineers, students and all other professionals involved in crashworthiness work.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Occupant Kinematics and Impact Biomechanics....Pages 3-23
Injury Mechanisms and Biofidelity of Dummies....Pages 25-51
Biomechanics of Impact Traumatic Brain Injury....Pages 53-93
Forensic Analysis and Data for Road Users....Pages 95-111
Front Matter....Pages 113-113
A Review of the Biomechanics of Impacts in Road Accidents....Pages 115-138
Compatibility Issues and Vulnerable Users....Pages 139-170
Advanced Restraint Systems for Occupant Protection....Pages 173-187
Car Crash and Safety Testing....Pages 189-205
Front Matter....Pages 207-207
Occupant Simulation Models:Experiment and Practice....Pages 209-219
Models in Injury Biomechanics for Improved Passive Vehicle Safety....Pages 221-236
Biomechanical Models in Vehicle Accident Simulation....Pages 237-259
Front Matter....Pages 261-261
Dynamic Inelastic Structural Response....Pages 263-290
The Macro Element Approach in Crash Calculations....Pages 291-320
Crashwortiness of Bus Structures and Rollover Protection....Pages 321-360
Front Matter....Pages 361-361
Vehicle Crashworthiness and Occupant Protection in Frontal Impact by FE Analysis — An Integrated Approach....Pages 363-399
Recent Trends and Advances in Crash Simulation and Design of Vehicles....Pages 401-417
Front Matter....Pages 419-419
Rigid-Flexible Multibody Equations of Motion Suitable for Vehicle Dynamics and Crash Analysis....Pages 421-443
Contact/Impact Dynamics Applied to Crash Analysis....Pages 445-473
Multibody Dynamic Tools for Crashworthiness and Impact....Pages 475-521
Front Matter....Pages 523-523
Aircraft and Helicopter Crashworthiness: Design and Simulation....Pages 525-577
Front Matter....Pages 523-523
Current Issues Regarding Aircraft Crash Injury Protection....Pages 579-612
Front Matter....Pages 613-613
Crashworthiness of Transportation Systems: Current Issues and Future Trends....Pages 615-624
Back Matter....Pages 625-631
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Occupant Kinematics and Impact Biomechanics....Pages 3-23
Injury Mechanisms and Biofidelity of Dummies....Pages 25-51
Biomechanics of Impact Traumatic Brain Injury....Pages 53-93
Forensic Analysis and Data for Road Users....Pages 95-111
Front Matter....Pages 113-113
A Review of the Biomechanics of Impacts in Road Accidents....Pages 115-138
Compatibility Issues and Vulnerable Users....Pages 139-170
Advanced Restraint Systems for Occupant Protection....Pages 173-187
Car Crash and Safety Testing....Pages 189-205
Front Matter....Pages 207-207
Occupant Simulation Models:Experiment and Practice....Pages 209-219
Models in Injury Biomechanics for Improved Passive Vehicle Safety....Pages 221-236
Biomechanical Models in Vehicle Accident Simulation....Pages 237-259
Front Matter....Pages 261-261
Dynamic Inelastic Structural Response....Pages 263-290
The Macro Element Approach in Crash Calculations....Pages 291-320
Crashwortiness of Bus Structures and Rollover Protection....Pages 321-360
Front Matter....Pages 361-361
Vehicle Crashworthiness and Occupant Protection in Frontal Impact by FE Analysis — An Integrated Approach....Pages 363-399
Recent Trends and Advances in Crash Simulation and Design of Vehicles....Pages 401-417
Front Matter....Pages 419-419
Rigid-Flexible Multibody Equations of Motion Suitable for Vehicle Dynamics and Crash Analysis....Pages 421-443
Contact/Impact Dynamics Applied to Crash Analysis....Pages 445-473
Multibody Dynamic Tools for Crashworthiness and Impact....Pages 475-521
Front Matter....Pages 523-523
Aircraft and Helicopter Crashworthiness: Design and Simulation....Pages 525-577
Front Matter....Pages 523-523
Current Issues Regarding Aircraft Crash Injury Protection....Pages 579-612
Front Matter....Pages 613-613
Crashworthiness of Transportation Systems: Current Issues and Future Trends....Pages 615-624
Back Matter....Pages 625-631
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