Ebook: Land Surface Processes in Hydrology: Trials and Tribulations of Modeling and Measuring

General circulation models (GCMs) predict certain changes in the amounts and distribution of precipitation, but the conversion of these predictions of impacts on water resources presents novel problems in hydrologic modeling, particularly with regard to the scale of the processes involved. Therefore improved, distributed GCMs are required. New remote sensing technologies provide the necessary spatially distributed data. However, there are many attendant problems with the translation of remotely sensed signals into hydrologically relevant information. This book elucidates how to improve the representation of land surface hydrologic processes in GCMs and in regional and global scale climate studies. It is divided into five sections: Models and Data; Precipitation; Soil Moisture; Evapotranspiration; Runoff.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XVII
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Data, Data Everywhere, Nor Any Drop to Drink....Pages 3-18
The Trials and Tribulations of Modeling and Measuring in Surface Water Hydrology....Pages 19-43
Hydrological Processes in GCMs....Pages 45-61
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Data and Models....Pages 63-70
Participant Opinion Survey: How Satisfied Are We with Hydrologic Data?....Pages 71-72
Front Matter....Pages 73-73
The Measurement of Rainfall....Pages 75-111
Modeling of Heavy Rainfall....Pages 113-134
Capabilities of Microwave Sensors for Monitoring Areal Extent and Physical Properties of the Snowpack....Pages 135-167
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Precipitation....Pages 169-180
The Question of Priorities in Rainfall Information and Data: A Minority Viewpoint?....Pages 181-182
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Snow....Pages 183-187
Front Matter....Pages 189-189
Process, Heterogeneity and Scale in Modelling Soil Moisture Fluxes....Pages 191-213
Approaches for Measuring and Modeling Soil Moisture....Pages 215-237
Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture....Pages 239-262
Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture and Moisture Related Parameters by Means of Microwave Radiometry: Instruments, Data, and Examples of Application in Hydrology....Pages 263-273
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Soil Moisture....Pages 275-278
Front Matter....Pages 279-279
Areal Evaporation from Satellite Thermal Infrared Data....Pages 281-309
Hydrological Models, Regional Evaporation, and Remote Sensing: Let’s Start Simple and Maintain Perspective....Pages 311-345
Estimating Areal Evaporation Using Multispectral Satellite Observations....Pages 347-382
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Evapotranspiration....Pages 383-385
Front Matter....Pages 387-387
Streamflow Measurement for the 21st Century....Pages 389-421
Model and Data Requirements for Simulation of Runoff and Land Surface Processes....Pages 423-452
Runoff and River Flow Measurements....Pages 453-481
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Runoff....Pages 483-487
Back Matter....Pages 489-500

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XVII
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Data, Data Everywhere, Nor Any Drop to Drink....Pages 3-18
The Trials and Tribulations of Modeling and Measuring in Surface Water Hydrology....Pages 19-43
Hydrological Processes in GCMs....Pages 45-61
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Data and Models....Pages 63-70
Participant Opinion Survey: How Satisfied Are We with Hydrologic Data?....Pages 71-72
Front Matter....Pages 73-73
The Measurement of Rainfall....Pages 75-111
Modeling of Heavy Rainfall....Pages 113-134
Capabilities of Microwave Sensors for Monitoring Areal Extent and Physical Properties of the Snowpack....Pages 135-167
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Precipitation....Pages 169-180
The Question of Priorities in Rainfall Information and Data: A Minority Viewpoint?....Pages 181-182
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Snow....Pages 183-187
Front Matter....Pages 189-189
Process, Heterogeneity and Scale in Modelling Soil Moisture Fluxes....Pages 191-213
Approaches for Measuring and Modeling Soil Moisture....Pages 215-237
Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture....Pages 239-262
Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture and Moisture Related Parameters by Means of Microwave Radiometry: Instruments, Data, and Examples of Application in Hydrology....Pages 263-273
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Soil Moisture....Pages 275-278
Front Matter....Pages 279-279
Areal Evaporation from Satellite Thermal Infrared Data....Pages 281-309
Hydrological Models, Regional Evaporation, and Remote Sensing: Let’s Start Simple and Maintain Perspective....Pages 311-345
Estimating Areal Evaporation Using Multispectral Satellite Observations....Pages 347-382
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Evapotranspiration....Pages 383-385
Front Matter....Pages 387-387
Streamflow Measurement for the 21st Century....Pages 389-421
Model and Data Requirements for Simulation of Runoff and Land Surface Processes....Pages 423-452
Runoff and River Flow Measurements....Pages 453-481
The Challenges We Face: Panel Discussion on Runoff....Pages 483-487
Back Matter....Pages 489-500
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