Ebook: Preventing AIDS: Theories and Methods of Behavioral Interventions

Public health has a legacy of neglect regarding social and behavioral research. Too often, prompted by technical and scientific progress, we have ignored­ even marginalized-the vital "human element" in health thinking and prac­ tice. Thus, for example, while family planning programs focused on providing a choice among safe and effective contraceptive methods (a supremely worthy goal), the central issue of sexuality and sexual behavior was generally neglected. Similarly, the enormous and important efforts to develop rapid and reliable diagnostic and treatment methods for sexually transmitted diseases helped divert attention away from the crucial issues of sexual practice. In short, we seem to have difficulty addressing the fundamental behaviors-including sex, drug taking and other intoxications, and violence-that are central to the major causes of preventable morbidity, disability, and premature mortality in the world today. Our collective reluctance to examine and understand ourselves is also expressed in the oft-repeated pipedream that scientific progress will "take care of" the HIV / AIDS pandemic by delivering a preventive vaccine, an effective cure, or both. Yet even a cursory glance at the relationship between scientific/ technical progress and health shows that meeting the scientific challenges is only one step toward effective application of the vaccine or drug. It is typical, not atypical, that hepatitis B vaccine is only now becoming relatively freely available to large populations in the developing world, more than a decade after the vaccine's licensure.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Changing HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors....Pages 1-4
The Health Belief Model and HIV Risk Behavior Change....Pages 5-24
Social Cognitive Theory and Exercise of Control over HIV Infection....Pages 25-59
Using Information to Change Sexually Transmitted Disease-Related Behaviors....Pages 61-78
Diffusion Theory and HIV Risk Behavior Change....Pages 79-93
Social Models for Changing Health-Relevant Behavior....Pages 95-116
School-Based Interventions to Prevent Unprotected Sex and HIV among Adolescents....Pages 117-139
Interventions for Adolescents in Community Settings....Pages 141-174
Preventing HIV among Runaways: Victims and Victimization....Pages 175-188
Behavioral Interventions for In-Treatment Injection Drug Users....Pages 189-208
HIV/AIDS Prevention for Drug Users in Natural Settings....Pages 209-225
Interventions for Sexual Partners of HIV-Infected or High-Risk Individuals....Pages 227-242
Interventions for Sexually Active, Heterosexual Women in the United States....Pages 243-265
HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men in Metropolitan Cities....Pages 267-296
HIV Prevention among Gay and Bisexual Men in Small Cities....Pages 297-317
Lessons Learned from Behavioral Interventions....Pages 319-322
Back Matter....Pages 323-336

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Changing HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors....Pages 1-4
The Health Belief Model and HIV Risk Behavior Change....Pages 5-24
Social Cognitive Theory and Exercise of Control over HIV Infection....Pages 25-59
Using Information to Change Sexually Transmitted Disease-Related Behaviors....Pages 61-78
Diffusion Theory and HIV Risk Behavior Change....Pages 79-93
Social Models for Changing Health-Relevant Behavior....Pages 95-116
School-Based Interventions to Prevent Unprotected Sex and HIV among Adolescents....Pages 117-139
Interventions for Adolescents in Community Settings....Pages 141-174
Preventing HIV among Runaways: Victims and Victimization....Pages 175-188
Behavioral Interventions for In-Treatment Injection Drug Users....Pages 189-208
HIV/AIDS Prevention for Drug Users in Natural Settings....Pages 209-225
Interventions for Sexual Partners of HIV-Infected or High-Risk Individuals....Pages 227-242
Interventions for Sexually Active, Heterosexual Women in the United States....Pages 243-265
HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men in Metropolitan Cities....Pages 267-296
HIV Prevention among Gay and Bisexual Men in Small Cities....Pages 297-317
Lessons Learned from Behavioral Interventions....Pages 319-322
Back Matter....Pages 323-336
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