Ebook: Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry

This revised and extended 6 volume handbook set is the most comprehensive and voluminous reference work of its kind in the field of nuclear chemistry. The Handbook set covers all of the chemical aspects of nuclear science starting from the physical basics and including such diverse areas as the chemistry of transactinides and exotic atoms as well as radioactive waste management and radiopharmaceutical chemistry relevant to nuclear medicine. The nuclear methods of the investigation of chemical structure also receive ample space and attention.

The international team of authors consists of scores of world-renowned experts - nuclear chemists, radiopharmaceutical chemists and physicists - from Europe, USA, and Asia. The Handbook set is an invaluable reference for nuclear scientists, biologists, chemists, physicists, physicians practicing nuclear medicine, graduate students and teachers - virtually all who are involved in the chemical and radiopharmaceutical aspects of nuclear science.

The Handbook set also provides further reading via the rich selection of references.

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Nuclear reactor safety is a subject of considerable public interest. Many Light Water Reactors (LWRs) are in operation worldwide and others are in construction. Analysis techniques and their validation are needed to provide assurances for licensing and for safe reactor operation.This book provides a summary of and references to the main activities that have been carried out towards the development of advanced mechanistic models and computer codes for LWR safety analysis. The principal features of the two main types of western LWRs i.e. PWRs and BWRs are given, relevant to the safety issues and accident conditions considered in the book. These range from classes of relatively trivial faults, to design based accidents and the very low probability severe accidents. The book describes a range of such accidents to span the scope of the phenomena to be modelled.Important integral and separate effects experimental programmes are summarised. Integral experiments are performed for two main reasons: (a) to identify important phenomena and (b) for code validation. Separate effects experiments are necessary for model development. An important consideration in reactor safety research is that at all times after shutdown, heat continues to be produced from the decay of unstable isotopes in the fuel. One of the main objectives of research and of the book is to consider ways in which core cooling can be achieved and the consequences if this is not achieved. Other subjects dealt with include computer codes for LWR safety analysis, and thermal-hydraulic modelling and the book concludes with some code simulations of representative hypothetical plant accidents. A brief reference is also given to accident management and advanced reactor modelling issues Volume 1: 1. Nuclear and Radiochemistry: the First 100 Years 2. Basic Properties of the Atomic Nucleus 3. Nuclear Reactions 4. Nuclear Fission 5. Fission Through Triple-Humped Fission Barriers 6. Nuclear Fusion 7. Kinetics of Radioactive Decay 8. Interaction of Radiation with Matter 9. Stochastics and Nuclear Measurements 10. The Standard Model of Elementary Particles 11. Reference Data (Volume 1): The International System of Units (SI) Volume 2: 12. Origin of the Chemical Elements 13. Natural Radioactive Decay Chains 14. Radioelements 15. Isotope Effects 16. Isotopic Paleoclimatology 17. Radioactive Dating Methods 18. Production and Chemistry of Transuranium Elements 19. Production and Identification of Transactinide Elements 20. Chemistry of Transactinides 21. Superheavy Elements 22. Table of the Nuclides (Volume 2) Volume 3: 23. Radiation Chemistry 24. Hot Atom Chemistry 25. Mossbauer Spectroscopy 26. Mossbauer Excitation by Synchrotron Radiation 27. Positron Annihilation Spectroscopies 28. Exotic Atoms and Muonium 29. Neutron Scattering Methods in Chemistry 30. Activation Analysis 31. Neutron-Induced Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) 32. Applications of Neutron Generators 33. Chemical Applications of Ion Accelerators 34. Microscopic X-ray Fluorescence Analysis with Synchrotron Radiation Sources 35. Tracer Technique 36. Reference Data (Volume 3): Mossbauer Nuclides Volume 4: 37. Introduction to the Fourth Volume 38. Reactor-Produced Medical Radionuclides 39. Cyclotron Production of Medical Radionuclides 40. Radionuclide Generators 41. 11C: Labeling Chemistry and Labeled Compounds 42. 18F: Labeling Chemistry and Labeled Compounds 43. 99mTc: Labeling Chemistry and Labeled Compounds 44. Radioiodination Chemistry and Radioiodinated Compounds 45. Radiometals (non-Tc, non-Re) and Bifunctional Labeling Chemistry 46. Radionuclide Therapy Volume 5: 47. Dosimetry and Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation 48. Radiation Detection 49. Dosimetry Methods 50. Particle Accelerators 51. Isotope Separation 52. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange in Radiochemistry 53. Radiochemical Separations by Thermochromatography 54. Methods of Cosmochemical Analysis 55. Environmental Radiation Protection 56. Reference Data (Volume 5): Standards for Detector Calibration Volume 6: 57. Technical Application of Nuclear Fission 58. Developments and Tendencies in Fission Reactor Concepts 59. Nuclear Power Sources for Space Systems 60. Technical Developments for Harnessing Controlled Fusion 61. Radioactive Waste Management 62. Nuclear Forensic Materials and Methods 63. Nuclear Safeguards Verification Measurement Techniques