Ebook: Tensor Geometry: The Geometric Viewpoint and its Uses
- Genre: Mathematics // Geometry and Topology
- Tags: Differential Geometry, Linear and Multilinear Algebras Matrix Theory, Theoretical Mathematical and Computational Physics
- Series: Graduate Texts in Mathematics 130
- Year: 1991
- Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- City: Berlin; New York
- Edition: 2
- Language: English
- djvu
We have been very encouraged by the reactions of students and teachers using our book over the past ten years and so this is a complete retype in TEX, with corrections of known errors and the addition of a supplementary bibliography. Thanks are due to the Springer staff in Heidelberg for their enthusiastic sup port and to the typist, Armin Kollner for the excellence of the final result. Once again, it has been achieved with the authors in yet two other countries. November 1990 Kit Dodson Toronto, Canada Tim Poston Pohang, Korea Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI O. Fundamental Not(at)ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Physical Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 I. Real Vector Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1. Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Subspace geometry, components 2. Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Linearity, singularity, matrices 3. Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Projections, eigenvalues, determinant, trace II. Affine Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 1. Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Tangent vectors, parallelism, coordinates 2. Combinations of Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Midpoints, convexity 3. Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Linear parts, translations, components III. Dual Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 1. Contours, Co- and Contravariance, Dual Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 IV. Metric Vector Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 1. Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Basic geometry and examples, Lorentz geometry 2. Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Isometries, orthogonal projections and complements, adjoints 3. Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Orthonormal bases Contents VIII 4. Diagonalising Symmetric Operators 92 Principal directions, isotropy V. Tensors and Multilinear Forms 98 1. Multilinear Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Tensor Products, Degree, Contraction, Raising Indices VE Topological Vector Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 1. Continuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Metrics, topologies, homeomorphisms 2. Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Convergence and continuity 3. The Usual Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
This treatment of differential geometry and the mathematics required for general relativity makes the subject of this book accessible for the first time to anyone familiar with elementary calculus in one variable and with a knowledge of some vector algebra. The emphasis throughout is on the geometry of the mathematics, which is greatly enhanced by the many illustrations presenting figures of three and more dimensions as closely as book form will allow. The imaginative text is a major contribution to expounding the subject of differential geometry as applied to studies in relativity, and will prove of interest to a large number of mathematicians and physicists. Review from L'Enseignement Mathématique