Ebook: Imaging in Oncological Urology

Thepastdecadehasseendramaticadvances inurologyandimaging. Thesechangesareevident in improvements in laparoscopic surgery as well as in the emergence of multidetector CT, with multiplanar reformatting and FDG-PET-CT as routine imaging methods. The new minimally invasive procedures often require more exacting imaging as the surgeon does not have the same visual ?eld of view as was possible with open procedures. Thus, it is appropriate now to p- vide an update on imaging advances for the bene?t of urologists and radiologists alike. The increasing number of innovative imaging approaches to urologic tumors including CT, MRI, PET, SPECT, and endoscopic imaging can be perplexing and lead to over- and underesti- tions of the capabilities of modern imaging on the part of those who interpret them and those who use the information they provide for patient management. There is a growing “exp- tations gap” between what is expected and what is possible that needs to be closed. While previous books have focused on the more common urologic tumors such as bladder, prostate, andkidneycancer,nonehasattemptedacomprehensivereviewofthestateoftheartofimaging in most of the tumors involved in urologic oncology. Imaging in Urologic Oncology addresses these challenges. In the modern imaging department it is easy to forget how useful conventional plain rad- graphy can be in urologic diagnosis. Much of our current understanding of urologic disease is based on the “classic appearance” on intravenous urograms, cystograms, or retrograde pye- grams. Therefore, conventional imaging provides the ?rst “layer” in our understanding of u- logic tumors. The next layer is cross-sectional imaging.

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This book features significant changes witnessed in imaging in oncological conditions related to the bladder, prostate and kidneys and their impact. With prostate cancer being malignancy No. 1 in men and bladder cancer and renal cancer becoming more prominent, an increasing number of innovative treatments have become available that require better imaging including information on the location and extent of the tumors. Particularly in renal cell cancer an increasing number of small tumors are identified that justifies nefron sparing approaches such as cryosurgery and heat therapies, a prerequisite for which is an adequate follow-up, including imaging. The need for improved imaging is even bigger for prostate cancer as significant improvements have been made in TransRectal Ultrasound and MRI imaging for lymph node metastases. The sole focus of this book is on oncology in urology, mainly Ultrasound and MRI, with topics being organ oriented. The latest technologies on imaging are included, such as new development in ultrasound machines, ultrasound contrast media, MRI scanning, including MRI contrast agents, to better identify carcinomatous lesions and even lymph node metastases. Each chapter is finalized with ?Considerations?, thus reflecting on the optimal imaging approach, providing an algorithm for imaging per disease entity, and according to the evidence-based chronological and diagnostic follow-up. Imaging in Oncological Urology is a state-of-the-art reference work on imaging in oncological urology for the urologist, radiologist and medical oncologist.