Ebook: Boys in the Pits: Child Labour in Coal Mines

Beginning early in the nineteenth century, thousands of Canadian boys, some as young as eight, laboured underground - driving pit ponies along narrow passageways, manipulating ventilation doors, and helping miners cut and load coal at the coalface to produce the energy that fuelled Canada's industrial revolution. Boys died in the mines in explosions and accidents but they also organized strikes for better working conditions but were instead expelled from the mines and lost their jobs.