Ebook: Lebensführung - Klaus Holzkamp zum Gedächtnis

Klaus Holzkamp t: Everyday Manners of Living as a Basic Concept of a Science of the Subject
In the everyday world, the manners of living of the individuals, their routine but nevertheless active
ccordination of different areas of their existence, is »depublicized«, but still tacitly taken into
consideration. Psychology and psychoanalytic therapy both tie their discoveries to certain privileged
standards which are blind to the manners of living of their clients and experimental subjects. In both
cases, the discipline's Archimedean perspective can only be overcome when both clients and experimental subjects are allowed to play an active part in research into an analysis of such manners. Critical
Psychology is thus psychology from the standpoint of the subject. Holzkamp uses this background
to reinterpret concepts from the »Project on Manners of Living« in Munich (such as »relative
autonomy« and »individualization«) in such a way that individuals can understand the alternative of
changing or accepting given conditions as an expression of the tension between improving the
quality of their lives and their own defensive resistance in threats.
Ute Osterkamp: Impulses from the End of Klaus Holzkamp's Life
Holzkamp's posthumous notes for his planned book on »Manners of Living«, through which the
relationships of individuals to society are broken and determined, provide a basis for outlining the
approaches which make Critical Psychology a science of the subject.
Charles Tolman: The Meaning of Critical Psychology for Psychology
A scientific explanation consists of an event to be explained, a context of relationships in which the
explanation is to be found, and a specification of the kind of relationships which connect the event
and the context. Traditional psychology neglects context. This is as true of behaviorism and
functionalism, which reduce context to a collection of variables, as it is of cognitive psychology in
its different variations. In contrast, the psychology represented by Holzkamp takes phylogenetic,
socio-historical, and individual contexts into account, making it possible to understand theoretical
psychological concepts in a specifically human way and to address psychological problems in the
discourse of reason.
Lucien Seve: France Still Has to Discover Holzkamp
The article discusses the barriers to reception which obstruct French acceptance of a Marxist-oriented
psychology.
Morus Markard: Theory and Experience
When problems arose in practical work with Critical Psychology, the problem of theory and practice
generated an empirical research tradition of its own. Research into the practice of a science of the
subject aims to analyze the social-subjective knowledge of context and contradiction which practice
produced but also mystified, as well as to develop opportunities for action. Research into practice has
a specific concept of experience and specific theoretical and methodological difficulties, such as the
interconnection for practitioners between their self-defenses (against institutional changes) and the
burdens they take on (by personalizing problems).
Wolfgang Maiers: Klaus Holzkamp's Contribution to the Unity of Psychology
Psychology still lacks a coherent categorical and methodological definition of its object; many
attempts to address this problem are limited by the traditional dichotomy between nature and history
and thus by the corresponding disjunction between forms of knowledge. Maiers argues that Klaus
Holzkamp's work subscribed to the monistic solution to this basic problem.
Francisco Guerrero Ortega: Foucault's Final, Unfinished Project:ARehabilitation ofFriendship
For "Foucault, friendship goes beyond the traditional dividion between eros and philia, making it
possible to design a lifestyle from a sexual decision. Homosexuals in particular have a historic chance
to use their sexuality to construct new ways of being. Heterosexuals should experiment with
»becoming homosexual«, which also leads to the search for alternative forms of society.
Eun-Jeung Lee: The Legitimation of Kim II Sung's Rule in North Korea
The legitimacy of the socialist one-party regime in North Korea was based on the unity of socialism
and nationalism. In order to legitimize his rule, Kim II Sung skilfully instrumentalized Korea's
experience with imperialist powers since the 19th century, the war of national liberation fought under
his leadership, the subsequent division of the country, and North Korea's remarkable economic and
social achievements. His successor Kim Jong Q faces as serious legitimation crisis: he cannot abandon
his father's »juche«-ideology, even though it is a major obstacle to further economic development, but
he urgently needs economic successes in order to legitimize his leadership.