Ebook: Fundamentals of electrocatalyst materials and interfacial characterization energy producing devices and environmental protection

4.1 Introduction4.2 Electrolyzer Thermodynamics; 4.3 Oxygen Reduction Reaction; 4.3.1 ORR Pt-Based Nano-Structure Materials; 4.3.2 Reaction Pathways; 4.3.3 ORR on Au and Pd-Based Nano-Structure Materials; 4.4 Oxygen Evolution Reaction; References; 5 Electrochemical Energy Storage; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Basic Terminology in Batteries; 5.3 Present Status of Electrochemical Batteries; 5.3.1 Lead Acid Battery; 5.3.2 Nickel-Cadmium Battery; 5.3.3 Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery; 5.4 Lithium Ion Battery; 5.4.1 Insertion Electrode Materials; 5.4.2 Conversion Reaction Electrodes; 5.4.3 Alloy Electrodes.;Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 1 Physics, Chemistry and Surface Properties; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Electrochemical Interface; 1.2.1 Conductivity and Electrical Field: Metal Versus Electrolyte; 1.2.2 Magnitude of Double Layer Capacitance; 1.3 Energy in Solids and Liquids: Junction Formation; 1.4 Surface Reactivity of Low-Index Planes; 1.5 Electron Charge-Transfer Reactions; 1.5.1 Hydrogen Electrode vs. Oxygen Electrode; 1.5.2 Organic-Fuels vs. Oxygen Electrode; 1.6 The Effect of CN- Surface Coordination on Low-Index Pt Surface: ORR; References.;5.5 Post-Li Technologies5.5.1 Na-Ion Batteries; 5.5.2 Lithium-Sulfur Batteries; 5.5.3 Metal Air Batteries; 5.5.3.1 Aqueous Metal Air Batteries; 5.5.3.2 Non-Aqueous Metal Air Batteries; References; 6 Electrocatalysis and Remediation; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 NOx Reduction; 6.3 COx Reduction and Methanol Oxidation; 6.3.1 Methanol Oxidation; 6.3.2 SOx Reduction; 6.3.3 Oxidation of Emergent Pollutants; 6.4 Determination of Nitrate-Based Compounds in DNA; References; Subject Index; ELUA.;This book addresses some essential topics in the science of energy converting devices emphasizing recent aspects of nano-derived materials in the application for the protection of the environment, storage, and energy conversion. The aim, therefore, is to provide the basic background knowledge. The electron transfer process and structure of the electric double layer and the interaction of species with surfaces and the interaction, reinforced by DFT theory for the current and incoming generation of fuel cell scientists to study the interaction of the catalytic centers with their supports. The chief focus of the chapters is on materials based on precious and non-precious centers for the hydrogen electrode, the oxygen electrode, energy storage, and in remediation applications, where the common issue is the rate-determining step in multi-electron charge transfer processes in electrocatalysis. These approaches are used in a large extent in science and technology, so that each chapter demonstrates the connection of electrochemistry, in addition to chemistry, with different areas, namely, surface science, biochemistry, chemical engineering, and chemical physics.;2 Computational Chemistry for Electro-Catalysis2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Scope and Limitations of Different Models; 2.2.1 Clusters; 2.2.2 Slabs; 2.2.3 Nanoparticles; 2.3 Influence of the Support in Electrocatalysis; References; 3 The Hydrogen Electrode Reaction; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Thermodynamics; 3.3 Hydrogen Evolution Reaction-HER; 3.3.1 HER on Platinum Catalytic Center; 3.3.2 HER on Non-Noble Metal Catalyst Centers; 3.4 Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction-HOR; 3.4.1 HOR on Precious Metal Centers; 3.4.2 HOR on Non-Precious Metal Centers; References; 4 Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Reaction.