Ebook: Reticulate Evolution Symbiogenesis, Lateral Gene Transfer, Hybridization and Infectious Heredity

14 Epilogue: The Insightful Proponent of Symbiogenesis and the Concept of the Holobiont, Lynn MargulisReferences; Can We Understand Evolution Without Symbiogenesis? ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction; 2 Roots and Paths of Symbiogenesis; 3 The "Big One" and the Concept of the Symbiogenic Superorganism; 4 The Symbiogenic Theory of Evolution; 5 Conclusion; 6 Main Milestones in Symbiogenic Studies Until 2003; References; Novel Endosymbioses as a Catalyst of Fast Speciation ; Abstract ; 1 Endosymbiosis in a Symbiotic World; 2 Widespread Co-evolution Between Endosymbionts and Multicellular Hosts.;3 Fitness Consequences of the Presence of Facultative Endosymbionts4 Secondary Endobacteria are Horizontally Transmitted Between Hosts; 5 Endosymbiont-Associated Traits are Transferred to the New Host and Maintained by Bacterial Vertical Transmission; 6 Host Speciation and Endosymbiont-Induced Novelties; 7 Closing the Circle: From a Different Organism to a New Lineage; References; Historical and Epistemological Perspectives on What Horizontal Gene Transfer Mechanisms Contribute to Our Understanding of Evolution ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction; 2 Reticulate Evolution and Webs of Life.;Preface and Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Reticulate Evolution Everywhere ; Abstract ; 1 Reticulate Evolution: Patterns, Processes, Mechanisms; 1.1 Symbiosis; 1.2 Symbiogenesis; 1.3 Horizontal or Lateral Gene Transfer; 1.4 Hybridization; 1.5 Infectious Heredity in Health, Disease and Evolution; 2 Introduction to the Chapters; 3 Reticulate Evolution, the Modern, and the Extended Synthesis; References; Symbiosis-Evolution's Co-Author ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction; 2 Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Symbiosis; 3 Algal Phylogeny: Showcase for Genetic Novelty Through Symbiosis.;4 Outdated Symbiosis Definition5 Symbiosis Redefined More Concretely and as a Better Reality Fit; 6 Ecosystem Thinking Replaces Compartmentalizing; 7 Symbiogenesis Rooted in Lamarck, Darwin, and Kozo-Polyansky; 8 Holobiont Selection Allows for More Rapid Adaptation and Greater Fitness; 9 Symbiogenic Foundation of Earth Biomes; 10 Anthropogenic Threats to Holobiont Global Ecology; 11 Symbiosis as an Ancient Strategy in Evolution; 12 The Human Microbiome: A Centerpiece of Symbiogenesis; 13 Summary.;2.1 Molecular Phylogenetics and the Origin of Life2.2 First Usage of the Terms HGT and Reticulate Evolution; 2.3 Was Darwin Wrong?; 2.4 Conclusion to Part 1; 3 Mechanisms of HGT; 3.1 History of Infectious Disease: The Origin of HGT Research in Symbiology, Ecology, Developmental Biology, and the Biomedical Sciences; 3.2 Bacterial Transformation; 3.2.1 Griffith's Inoculation Experiments; 3.2.2 The Avery-MacLeod-McCarty Experiments; 3.3 Bacterial Conjugation; 3.3.1 Bacterial Conjugation and the Acquisition of Antibiotic Resistance; 3.4 Phage-Mediated Transduction.