Ebook: The Knowledge Illusion: Why We Never Think Alone

"The Knowledge Illusion is filled with insights on how we should deal with our individual ignorance and collective wisdom."--Steven Pinker We all think we know more than we actually do. Humans have built hugely complex societies and technologies, but most of us don't even know how a pen or a toilet works. How have we achieved so much despite understanding so little' Cognitive scientists Steven Sloman and Philip Fernbach argue that we survive and thrive despite our mental shortcomings because we live in a rich community of knowledge. The key to our intelligence lies in the people and things around us. We're constantly drawing on information and expertise stored outside our heads: in our bodies, our environment, our possessions, and the community with which we interact-and usually we don't even realize we're doing it. The human mind is both brilliant and pathetic. We have mastered fire, created democratic institutions, stood on the moon, and sequenced our genome. And yet each of us is error prone, sometimes irrational, and often ignorant. The fundamentally communal nature of intelligence and knowledge explains why we often assume we know more than we really do, why political opinions and false beliefs are so hard to change, and why individually oriented approaches to education and management frequently fail. But our collaborative minds also enable us to do amazing things. This book contends that true genius can be found in the ways we create intelligence using the world around us.;Ignorance and the community of knowledge -- What we know -- Why we think -- How we think -- Why we think what isn't so -- Thinking with our bodies and the world -- Thinking with other people -- Thinking with technology -- Thinking about science -- Thinking about politics -- The new definition of smart -- Making people smart -- Making smarter decisions -- Appraising ignorance and illusion.