Ebook: You Cannot Swim Twice in the Same River: the Genesis of Dialectical Materialism

This constitutes a chapter of a book on ‘Poverty of Communism: The Game of Filling in the
Marxian Blanks’. Dialectical materialism is the world outlook of Marxism; it is so called,
because its approach to the phenomena of nature is dialectical, and its interpretation of these
phenomena, its theory, is materialistic. Though the term ‘dialectical materialism’ owes its
origin to Plekhanov and Lenin, its first expositor was Engels, who simply called it ‘modern
materialism’ and asserted that it was essentially connected with the name of Marx. The
present paper traces out the historical development of dialectical materialism, starting with its
Greek philosophical origin in Heraclitus, who stressed the unity of opposites in a world of
change, and passing through the dialogues of Socrates, and logic of Aristotle, Kant, Hegel,
Chalybäus (famous for his exegetical characterization of Hegel’s dialectics in terms of thesisantithesis-
synthesis triad) and Feuerbach, all culminating in Marxism. The paper also
discusses the experimental games of Lenin and his followers in filling in the Marxian blanks
in dialectical materialism.