Ebook: Uncultivated Microorganisms

The number of existing microbial species may be in the millions, but only a few thousand have been isolated in pure culture and described. The principal reason for this tremendous disparity is that, mysteriously, over 99% of all environmental microorganisms refuse to grow in the laboratory. The phenomenon of microbial uncultivability has been recognized as one of the main challenges for basic and applied microbiology, and finding a way to access this uncultivated microbial majority may change many aspects of biology and biotechnology as we know them today.

This volume describes the discovery of the phenomenon, the current hypotheses on its physiological and molecular nature, state-of-the-art approaches to "outsmarting" the uncultivated microorganisms, and the importance of the uncultivated microbial majority in medicine and biotechnology. It reveals the hidden universe of uncultivated microorganisms, their unparalleled diversity and enormous potential for application.

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Statistical estimation of uncultivated microbial diversity / J. Bunge -- Charactacterizing microbial population structures through massively parallel sequencing / Mitchell L. Sogin -- Detection and characterization of uncultivated microorganisms using microarrays / Terry J. Gentry, Zhili He, and Jizhong Zhou -- The seabed as natural laboratory: lessons from uncultivated methanotrophs / Antje Boetius ... [et al.] -- Single cell whole genome amplification of uncultivated organisms / Mircea Podar, Martin Keller, and Philip Hugenholtz -- Physiological and ecological adaptations of slow-growing, heterotrophic microbes and consequences for cultivation / Thomas M. Schmidt and Allan E. Konopka -- Viable but not cultivable bacteria / Rita R. Colwell -- General model of microbial uncultivability / Slava S. Epstein -- Metagenomics and antibiotic discovery from uncultivated bacteria / Vivian Miao and Julian Davies -- Persisters, biofilms, and the problem of cultivabiltiy / Kim Lewis -- Taking the concept to the limit: uncultivable bacteria and astrobiology / Kenneth Nealson