Ebook: Third Law of Thermodynamics

Scientific article / Physical Review, 1959, Vol. 115, No. 2, 249–253.A new formulation of the third law (when the energy has minimum value the entropy is also minimum) is proposed stating a universal connection between the lower limits of the energy and the entropy of any physical system. As consequences of the new theorem are derived the Nernst heat theorem, a theorem concerning the lowest energy state of mixtures, and the nondegeneracy of the energetic ground state of physical systems.