Ebook: Real-Time 3D Interventional Echocardiography

​Advances in technology and human skill have made possible percutaneous catheter-based procedures for a wide spectrum of structural heart disease. A growing number of structural heart diseases that over the past two decades would have required open heart surgery can be safely treated using percutaneous catheter-based procedures.Traditionally, guidance of catheter-based procedures is done using fluoroscopy and two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE). The recent introduction in the clinical practice of RT 3D TEE has overcome most of limitations of 2D TEE. The purpose of this book is to describe the use of this imaging modality in percutaneous interventional procedures underlying its growing role and acceptance among the interventional cardiologists but also emphasizing areas of weakness. Because today interventional cardiology ranges from closure of atrial and ventricular septal defects, to repair of mitral regurgitation and aortic stenosis, from the closure of left atrial appendage and prosthesis dehiscence, to the recent use in electrophysiological procedure, this book targets not only specialists in echocardiography and interventional cardiology but also general cardiologists. General cardiologists will find in any chapter anatomy of the structure treated (i.e. atrial septum, mitral valve…), a description of the morphopathology as seen with RT 3D TEE (degenerative or ischemic mitral regurgitation) the up-to-date indications to the specific percutaneous treatment and typical and unusual clinical cases.​

This book describes the use of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) in percutaneous interventional procedures, underlining its growing role and acceptance among interventional cardiologists, while also considering technique-related weaknesses. One issue has always been to provide trainees with appropriate learning tools and this reference will provide important support for those cardiologists taking their first steps in 3D TEE.

Real-Time 3D Interventional Echocardiography includes information that all involved in the management of cardiac patients will find useful in terms of describing the anatomy of the structure to be treated (atrial septum, mitral valve), describing the morphopathology as seen with real-time 3D TEE (degenerative or ischemic mitral regurgitation), presenting up-to-date indications for the specific percutaneous treatment and, finally, providing descriptions of the procedures. Because interventional cardiology today ranges from closure of atrial and ventricular septal defects to repair of mitral regurgitation and aortic stenosis, from the closure of left atrial appendage and prosthesis dehiscence to the recent use of electrophysiological procedures, this book will be essential not only for specialists in echocardiography and interventional cardiology but also general cardiologists.